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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 11; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2018;11(2):6-15
Stres ve Psikosomatik Hastalıklar: Gen-Çevre Etkileşimleri ve Epigenetik Mekanizmaların Önemi
EA Duman
Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Günümüzde stresin birçok psikosomatik hastalığı tetikleyen önemli bir risk faktörü olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu makalede, erken yaşta yaşanan stresli deneyimler ve depresyon arasındaki ilişki üzerinden, son yıllarda stres alanınındaki araştırmaları biçimlendiren farklı yaklaşımlar ele alınacaktır. İlk olarak, depresyon gibi kompleks hastalıkların altında yatan gen-çevre etkileşimleri konusundaki çalışmalar ve bu çalışmaların gelişimi özetlenecektir. İkinci olarak, bu çalışmalar sayesinde önem kazanan beyin ve stres sistemleri aktivasyonu gibi depresyonun ara fenotipleri üzerinden ilerleyen bulgular incelenecektir. Son olarak, depresyonla ilgili gen-çevre etkileşimlerinin mekanizması olarak önerilen DNA metilasyonu gibi epigenetik değişikliklerden bahsedilip, davranışsal epigenetik alanındaki çalışmalar özetlenecektir. Bu üç yaklaşımın birbiriyle ilişkisi ve stres alanındaki araştırmaların geleceğine etkileri tartışılacaktır
Stress and Psychosomatic Diseases: Importance of Gene-Environment Interactions and Epigenetic Mechanisms
Currently, stress is a well-established risk factor for various psychosomatic diseases. In this article, contemporary approaches in stress research will be considered by through the studies investigating the relationship between early life stress experiences and depression. First of all, research findings and progress of the field of gene-environment interactions underlying depression will be summarized. Secondly, intermediate phenotypes of depression, such as activation of brain and stress response systems, will be examined in relation to the gene-environment interaction studies. Finally, epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, as the underlying mechanism of these interactions related to depression will be considered along with recent findings in the field of behavioral epigenetics. The relationships between these three approaches and their impact on the future of stress research will be discussed.

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