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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2018;9(3):175-185
Kronik ruhsal bozukluk tanısı alan hastaların bakım verenlerine verilen psikoeğitimin yaşadıkları güçlük ve psikososyal uyumlarına etkisi
LB Arabacı, A Büyükbayram
İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi, İzmir
Amaç: Çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesinin psikiyatri kliniğinde tedavi olan kronik ruhsal bozukluk tanılı hastaların bakım verenlerine uygulanan psikoeğitimin etkinliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yarı deneysel, kontrol gruplu ön test-son test düzende tasarlanan çalışma, Haziran 2015-Nisan 2016 tarihleri arasında, kronik ruhsal bozukluk tanısı alan hastaların bakım vereni olan 40 kişi (20 uygulama, 20 kontrol) ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında, Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu (TBF), Bakım Verme Yükü Ölçeği (BVYÖ) ve Hastalığa Psikososyal Uyum Öz-bildirim Ölçeği (PAIS-SR) kullanılmıştır. Kronik ruhsal bozukluk tanısı olan hastaların bakım verenlerine yarı yapılandırılmış, 8 oturumluk bir psikoeğitim programı uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, korelasyon analizi, independent sample test ve paired sample test kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Uygulama grubundaki bakım verenlerin %60.0’ı kadın ve yaş ortalaması 53.60±10.63 olup, %50’si hastanın ebeveyni ve %40.0’ı okur yazar ve/veya ilkokul mezunudur. Bakım verenlerin yakınları ortalama 13.84±11.88 yıldır ruhsal bozukluk tanısına sahip olup, ortalama 4.89±6.36 yıldır tedavi olmuş ve ortalama 3.85±2.37 kez hastaneye yatış yapmıştır. Uygulama ve kontrol grubunun her ikisinde de psikoeğitim öncesi ve sonrası BVYÖ puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Uygulama grubunun ön test-son test PAIS-SR alt ölçek puan ortalamaları arasında da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Buna karşın kontrol grubunun ön test-son test PAIS-SR bazı alt ölçek puan ortalamalarının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde farklı olduğu saptanmıştır (p
Effects of psychoeducation applied to caregivers of patients diagnosed with chronic mental disorder on caregivers’ difficulties and psychosocial adaptations
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychoeducation program given to caregivers of patients with chronic mental disorder who were treated in a psychiatric clinic of a university hospital. Methods: A semi-experimental, control group pretest-post-test design was used for this study, which was conducted between June 2015 and April 2016 with 40 caregivers of patients who were diagnosed with chronic mental disorders. Data were collected using an introductory information form, the Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS) and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale Self-Report (PAIS-SR). An 8-session, semi-structured psychoeducation program was administered to the caregivers of the patients who were diagnosed with chronic mental disorders. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, independent samples t-test, and paired samples-test were used. Results: In the experimental group, 60% of the caregivers were female, 50% were the parents of the patients, and 40% were literate and/or primary school graduates. The mean age of the study group caregivers was 53.60±10.63. The patients of the study group caregivers had been under their care for a mean of 13.84±11.88 years, had been being treated for a mean of 4.89±6.36 years, and had been hospitalized a mean of 3.85±2.37 times. There was no statistically significant difference between the pre- and post- psychoeducational CBS score averages in the experimental and control groups (p>0.05). There was also no statistically significant difference between the pretest and post-test PAIS-SR subscale scores of the experimental group (p>0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences between the mean pretest and post-test PAIS-SR subscale scores of the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Although it appeared that the psychoeducation did not significantly affect the caregivers’ psychosocial adaptations to the disease or the perception of caregivers, the decrease in the psychosocial adjustment of the control group, especially in the "sexual relationship" and "extended family relationships" subscales, was not observed in the experimental group. This suggests that the provision of psychoeducation prevents this decrease.

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