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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 33; Sayı: 81>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 2018;33(81):1-20
Kültürlerarası Bağlamda Cinsiyet ve Toplumsal Cinsiyetin Başarı Motivasyonu Üzerindeki Etkisi
İ Uz, M Kemmelmeier, C Paksoy, K Krumov
Washoe County School District Gifted and Talented Advisory Panel, Reno, Nevada, ABD
Bu çalışmada, başarı motivasyonunda kültürlerarası cinsiyet farklılıkları incelenmiştir. Toplulukçu toplumlarda daha yüksek düzeylerde cinsiyet farklılığı olduğuna dair yaygın görüşün aksine, cinsiyet farklılıklarının bireyci toplumlarda daha yüksek düzeyde olacağı tahmin edilmiştir. Beş farklı ülkede yapılan çalışma 1, bu öngörüye kısmi destek vermiştir. Ayrıca başarı motivasyonunu, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin cinsiyetten daha iyi yordadığı da tespit edilmiştir. Otuz yedi ülkeden temsili veriler kullanılarak yapılan çalışma 2 ise bireyciliğin, başarı motivasyonunda cinsiyet farklılıklarının büyüklüğü ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Bulgularımız, kadın ve erkeğin bireyci toplumlarda daha fazla farklılaştığını göstererek, gelişen kültürlerarası cinsiyet ve toplumsal cinsiyet alanyazınına katkı sağlamaktadır.
Sex and Gender Differences in Achievement Motivationacross Cultures
This study examined cross-cultural sex and gender differences in achievement motivation. In contrast to the common intuition that collectivist societies show greater levels of sex differentiation than individualistic societies, we predicted that sex differences would be greater in individualistic countries. Study 1 found partial support for this prediction across five countries. Also, this study demonstrated that regardless of the country’s level of individualism, gender roles are better predictors of achievement motivation than sex. Using representative data from 37 countries, Study 2 found individualism to be related to greater sex differences in achievement motivation. The findings of these two studies contributed to the growing cross-cultural literature on sex and gender demonstrating that men and women seem to differ more in individualist societies.

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