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Yıl:1996; Cilt: 33; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 1996;33(3):132-139
Plastik Cerrahide Psikiyatrik ve Etik Sorunlar
G Koptagel-İlal
İ.Ü. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı
Ruhsal gelişimin "Ben ayrışımı" ve "bireyleşme" sürecindeki yetersizlikler kişilik yapısında bozukluklara neden olabilmektedir. Bu gibi kişilik sorunları bulunanlar, dış dünya ile ölümlü nesne ilişkileri kurmada ve gerçek yaşam olayıyla başetmede zorlanırlar. Böyle kimselerde bedenleştirme (somatizasyon) eğilimi artmıştır. Beden bölgeleri ve organlar onlar için simgesel anlamlar taşımakta ve sıklıkla Ben savunmasında, ya da anlatım veya eylem aracı olarak kullanılmakta olduklarından, dikkatlerinin odak noktası halindedirler. Bu gibi vakalarda, ruhsal karmaşaların, saptamaların ve hastalıkların ortaya çıkması daha kolaydır. Görünürde veya biyolojik bir gerekçe olmadığı halde, salt estetik düşünceyle ya da cinsel kimliğini değiştimek amacıyla, doğal anatomik yapısını ameliyatla değiştirmek isteyen hastaların ruhsal yapılarının iyice değerlendirilmesi istenmeyen sonuçlar olasılığı açısından, plastik cerrahide büyük önem taşır. Bu sonuçlar, sadece mediko-legal ve tıbbi ahlak açısından değil, hekimin bireye yardım etme, onu rahatlatma görevi yanısıra, toplumdaki diğer insanlara karşı da taşıdığı, geniş anlamdaki toplumsal sorumluluk açısından göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.
Psychiatric And Ethical Problems In Plastic Surgery
The deficiency in ego-differentiation and individuation may cause structural personality problems. People with such personality problems have difficulties in achieving positive object relationships and coping up with real life situations. They nave an increased tendency to somatization. Body parts and organs attain symbolic values for them and become focus of attention, being frequently used as ego-defenses and means of expression or action. The manifestation of psychological complications, deviations and mental break-downs occur easier in them.
The early recognition and evaluation of such personality disturbances is of importance for plastic surgery, especially in cases of patients desiring surgical intervention for to change their natural anatomic appearance for aesthetic reasons or with the aim of gender identity transformation without there being an objective or biological indication for it. The possibility of undesirable psychological complications should be kept in mind, not only because of medico-legal reasons, but also in regard to ethical problems and public health responsibility of the medical professionals.

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