Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2004; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2004;5(4):239-248
Öğrenme ve hafızanın hücresel düzenekleri ve psikiyatrik hastalıklarla ilişkisi
S Demirci, E Eşel
Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi , KAYSERİ
İnsan ve hayvanlarda çevrenin davranışı değiştirme yollarından en önemlileri öğrenme ve hafızadır. Bu davranış
değişikliklerinin amacı organizmanın değişen çevreye uyum sağlaması, bu şekilde organizmanın hayatını sürdürebilmesidir.
Öğrenme çevre hakkında bilgi edinme sürecidir, hafızada ise bilgi kodlanmakta, depolanmakta ve daha sonra
hatırlanmaktadır. Öğrenme ve hatırlama yeteneği insanın en önemli yetenekleri arasındadır ve insanlığın kültürel
gelişiminin tek yoludur. Son yıllarda öğrenme ve hafızanın altında yatan biyolojik düzenekler giderek daha fazla ilgi
çekmektedir. Bu yazıda omurgasızlarda hafıza deposunun basit kapalı türleri, omurgalılarda ise daha karmaşık açık
şekilleri gözden geçirilecek ve hafızanın bu iki türünü oluşturan hücresel ve moleküler düzenekler incelenecektir. Ayrıca,
öğrenme ve hafızanın hücresel karşılıkları olan uzun süreli potansiyasyon ve nöral plastisite ile psikiyatrik bozukluklar
arasındaki ilişkilere de değinilecektir
The biological mechanisms of learning and memory, and their relationships with psychiatric disorders
In humans and animals, the most important mechanisms by which environment alter behaviour are learning and memory.
The aim of these behavioural alterations is adaptation of the organism to changing environment, and maintaining the life.
Learning is information obtaining process about the environment, while memory is the process by which knowledge is
encoded, stored and later retrieved. The abilities of learning and recall are among the most important skills of the human
beings, and the only way of the cultural development of humanity. In recent [year]s, the biological mechanisms of learning
and memory are receiving an ever-increasing attention from scientific quarters. In this article, simple implicit forms of
the memory storage in invertebrates, and more complicated explicit forms in vertebrates will be reviewed, and cellular
and molecular mechanisms underlying these two forms of memory will be assessed. Furthermore, the relationships
between long term potentiation (LTP) and neural plasticity, which are cellular equivalents of learning and memory, and
psychiatric disorders will be summarised.

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