Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2001; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Demans Dergisi; 2001;1(1):5-14
Demans mı, Masum Unutkanlık mı?
AB Tokçaer
Gazi Üniv. Tıp Fakültesi Nöroloji ABD, Ankara
Yirminci yüzyılın başında ortalama yaşam süresi
kadınlarda 48.3, erkeklerde 46.3 yıldı.
Amerikan toplumunda nüfusun yüzde 4'ü 65 yaşın
üzerindeydi. 1983 yılında kadınlar 78.3 erkekler
71 yıl ortalama yaşam süresine sahiptiler ve 65 yaş
üzeri bireyler toplumun yüzde 11.3'ünü oluşturuyordu.
İleriye yönelik hesaplamalar bu yaş grubunun
2040'da yüzde 21.6'ya ulaşacağını
göstermektedir . Ömür uzadıkça
daha çok sayıda birey nörodejeneratif hastalıklar
yönünden araştırılmaktadır. Çünkü yaşlılıktaki
ölümlerin etiyolojisinde nörodejeneratif hastalıklar
ve demans önde gelen nedenlerdir. Kognitif bozukluklar
yaşam kalitesini düşürmekte ve mortaliteye
zemin hazırlamaktadır. Ekonomik olarak demanslı
bir hastanın bakımı hem aileye hemde devlet
bütçesine ağır bir yük getirmektedir .
Yazılı ve görsel basının demansa ilgisi ülkemizde de
giderek artmakta hemen hergün demans belirtilerine
veya tedavisine ilişkin bir haber basında yer
almaktadır. Hatta yerli televizyon dizilerinde
demanslı karakterlere rastlanmaktadır. Toplumun
bu yönde bilgisinin artması beraberinde bazı
kaygılar da yaratmaktadır. İleri yaştaki bireyler
hastalık korkusunu taşırken, erişkinler ebeveynlerinin
bu tür bir hastalığı olduğunda -yeterli sayıda
yaşlı bakım merkezlerinin bulunmaması nedeniyle-
çözümler konusunda karamsar kalmaktadırlar.
Hekimler demans tanısını ve etiyolojisini belirlemelerinin
yanısıra hafif derecede unutkanlığı
olan bireylerin gelecekleri hakkında güven vermekten
de sorumludurlar. Bu nedenle masum
unutkanlık ve demans ayrımının yapılması gereklidir.

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