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Yıl:1990; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 1990;1(1):26-31
Şizofreni etyolojisinde otoimmün-viral kuramlar
T Oral
Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi, İstanbul
Bu yüzyılın başlarından bu yana, şizofreni etyolojisinde çevresel bir ajan ya da sürecin varlığı araştırılmaktadır. Şizofreninin görülme sıklığındaki artışın viral ensefa-lit epidemilerine eşlik etmesi ve şizofren hastaların BOS'larında bazı virûslere karşı antikorların gösterilmesi bir bakıma bu kuramı desteklemektedir. Soğuk kıs ayla-rında doğum olgusuna da yine bu hastalar arasında rastlanmaktadır. öte yandan ilk kez Hearth tarafından 1967'de şizofreniklerin serumlarında bulunduğu söylenen taraxein adlı globulinin varlığı da sonraki çalışmalarda doğrulanamamıştır. Bağışıklık sistemi hakkındaki diğer çahşmalarsa, limbik sistemdeki dopamin reseptörlerine karşı otoantikorların varlığına dair bazı ipuçlan vermektedir. Ek olarak, bu kuramlardan yola çıkan Sovyet ağırlıklı çalışmalarda nöroleptik tedavisinin yanısıra immünmodülatörlerin kullanımı gibi yeni kavramlar ortaya atılmıştır. Bu yazıda, son litaretürün taranması ile bazı kuramlar ve yapılan çalışmalar gözden geçirilmiştir.
Autoimmune-viral hypothesis in the etiology of schizophrenia
From the beginning of this century, an enviromental agent or a process had been searched in the etiology of schizophrenia. Viral encephalitis epidemia associated with increased incidence of schizophrenia and identified antibodies for some of the viruses in the spinal fluid of some schizophrenic patients somehow supported this theory. Birth in cold winter [month]s is most often observed among these patients as well. On the other hand, reports about a unique protein "taraxein" was not proved to be true, in the following researches after it was first introduced by Heath in 1967. Other studies on immune system mechanisms have furthermore revealed some evidences about autoantibodies to dopamine receptors in the limbic system. Additionally, based on these theories, new concepts about the therapy of schizohrenic petients, such as applying some immunmodulators with neuroleptics, are also introduced mostly by Soviet researchers. This article reviews a number of theories and resarches on this field with the survey of current litareture researches.

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