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Yıl:2005; Cilt: 13; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Psikiyatri Psikoloji Psikofarmakoloji (3P) Dergisi; 2005;13(1):61-66
Hafif bilişsel bozulma: Tanı ve izlemde kullanılan nöro-psikolojik, nöroradyolojik ve nörobiyolojik parametreler
S Örsel, HT Atasoy, B Cangöz
SSK Ankara Eğit. Hastanesi Psikiyatri Kliniği, Ankara
Bilişsel yetilerde kaybı olan ancak demans kriterlerini doldurmayan hastalar ileride demans gelişme riski yüksek olan hasta grubunu oluştururlar. Hafif bilişsel bozulma (HBB) tanısı, bu grupta yer alan hastaların büyük bir kısmını tanımlamaktadır. Klinik değerlendirmenin yanı sıra uygulanan nöropsikolojik test yöntemler, var olan bilişsel yeti yitimini tanımlamada ve risk altında olan bireyleri takip etmede büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu noktada HBB olan olguları, hem normal sağlıklı hem de klinik demans tanısı almış olan bireylerden ayırmaya yarayabilecek ve daha önemlisi HBB olan bireylerin prognozunu belirleyebilecek nöroradyolojik ve nörobiyolojik inceleme yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi önemlidir. Ancak bu risk grubunda erken dönemde bilişsel yeti yitimini net olarak tanımlamaya yönelik inceleme olanaklarına henüz sahip değiliz. HBB' la ilgili birçok araştırma yayınlanmasına rağmen kavramlaştırılmasında ve tanı ölçütlerinde görüş birliği sağlanmamıştır. HBB tanısının ayrı bir nozolojik başlık olarak geçerliğinin gözden geçirilmesine ve yaşlılıkta olan bilişsel bozukluğu tanımlamak için kullanılan diğer kavramlarla örtüşen yerlerin tartışılmasına gereksinim vardır. Bu gözden geçirme yazısında bu konudaki tartışmalara ve ilerisi için umut vadeden çeşitli tanı ve izlem yöntemleri üzerindeki gelişmelere yer verilecektir.

Neuropsychological, neuroradiological and neurobiological parameters in conceptualization and follow-up of mild cognitive impairment
The patients, who have cognitive deficits but do not correspond the dementia criteria, are at risk for developing dementia. The great parts of these patients are diagnosed as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). As well as clinical assessment, neuropsychological test have important implications in identification of cognitive deficits and following the ones who have risk. At this point, the most important thing is to develop neuroradiological and neurobiological investigating methods for discriminating the ones who have MCI from normal healthy persons and the persons who diagnosed as dementia and predicting the prognosis of MCI patients. But at this point, we have not yet any investigating methods for defining cognitive impairment definitely in the risk group formerly. Although many researches were published about MCI, there is not a consensus in definitions and diagnosing criteria. It is necessary to look over the validity of MCI before considering it as a different nosologic entity and to discuss the overlapping sides of MCI concept with the others, which are used for defining the memory impairment. In this review, the arguments about this subject and the proceedings of various diagnose and follow-up methods that give hope in the future are being taken place.

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