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Yıl:2005; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 29>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi Psikiyatri; 2005;1(29):45-48
Yaşlıda Şizofreni ve Tedavisi
T Ertan
Psikiyatri AD, Geropsikiyatri BD, İstanbul Üniversitesi Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, İSTANBUL
Yaşlıda şizofreni kavramı gerek hastalıkları erken erişkinlik yaşlarında başlayıp yaşlanan hastalar gerekse ilk ataklarını ileri yaşlarda geçiren hastaların tümünü kapsamaktadır. Geç başlangıçlı şizofreni konusu uzun yıllardır özellikle tanımda kriter alınacak ilk atak yaşının belirlenmesi ve terminoloji açısından tartışma konusu olmuştur. Günümüzde hastalığı 40 yaş öncesinde başlayan hastalara “Erken başlangıçlı şizofreni”, 40-59 yaş diliminde başlayanlara “Geç başlangıçlı şizofreni”, 60 yaş ve üzerinde başlayanlara “Çok geç başlangıçlı şizofreni benzeri psikoz” tanısı verilmektedir. Epidemiyolojik verilerin biraz da kavram karışıklıkları nedeniyle henüz netleşmediği bu alanda elimizdeki bilgiler klinik özellikler konusunda fikir vermektedir. Kadın sıklığı, perseküsyon hezeyanlarının daha fazla görülmesi, ve tedaviye yanıtın daha iyi olması geç başlangıçlı şizofreninin öne çıkan özellikleridir. Ayırıcı tanıda ise özellikle psikotik semptomların eşlik ettiği Alzheimer Hastalığı ilk akla gelen tanı olmalıdır. Bu yazıda yaşlıda şizofreni kavramı epidemiyoloji, klinik özellikler, ayırıcı tanı ve tedavi açısından kendi vaka serilerimiz de temel alınarak ele alınmıştır.
Schizophrenia In The Elderly and Its Treatment
The concept of psychosis in the elderly covers patients with disease onset in young adulthood as well as those with onset in older ages. Late onset schizophrenia has been a subject of discussion especially in relation to the age criteria of the first attack and terminology to be used for different subgroups of patients determined according to disease onset. In recent studies it is suggested to use the term “Early onset schizophrenia” for those with onset before the age of 40, “Late onset schizophrenia” for those with onset between 40-59 and “Very late onset schizophrenia like psychosis” for those with onset after the age of 60. Epidemiological data are still not clarified in this field especially as a result of conceptual difficulties. On the other hand preponderance of female gender and delusions of persecution, as well as better treatment response seem to be robust clinical characteristics. Alzheimer’s disease with psychosis should be the most common diagnosis to be considered in differential diagnosis. In this manuscript the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, differential diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia in the elderly is reviewed based on current literature and our cases series.

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