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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 38; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Psikoloji Çalışmaları; 2018;38(1):1-32
Kadın Cinayetlerine Yönelik Atıfların Cinsiyet Grubuyla Özdeşleşme, Çelişik Duygulu Cinsiyetçilik ve Siyasi İdeolojilerle İlişkisi
E Üzümçeker, S Akfırat
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir
Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de kadın cinayetlerine yönelik atıfların çelişik duygulu cinsiyetçilik, cinsiyet grubuyla özdeşleşme, muhafazakarlık ve ideolojik yönelim ile ilişkisi, atıf kuramına sosyal kimlik yaklaşımı temelinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmaya 306 üniversite öğrencisi gönüllü olarak katılmıştır (yaş ortalaması 21.33, yaş aralığı 18-27). Katılımcılardan cinsiyet gruplarıyla özdeşleşme, korumacı ve düşmanca cinsiyetçilik ve muhafazakârlık düzeyleri ile ideolojik yönelim ölçümleri alınmıştır. Kadın cinayetlerine yönelik atıfların ölçümü için araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan maddelere faktör analizi uygulanmış ve maddelerin katili suçlayıcı, kurbanı suçlayıcı ve sosyal yapıya yönelik olmak üzere üç faktörde toplandıkları görülmüştür. Analizler, kadınların katile ve sosyal yapıya yönelik atıfları, erkeklerin ise kurbanı suçlayıcı atıfları daha yüksek düzeyde kullandıklarını göstermiştir. Cinsiyet grubuyla özdeşleşme ise yalnızca erkeklerde katili suçlayan ve sosyal yapıya yönelik atıflarla negatif yönde ilişkilidir. Düşmanca cinsiyetçiliğin her iki cinsiyet grubunda da kurbanı suçlayıcı atıflarla pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu, korumacı cinsiyetçilik için ise bu ilişkinin mevcut olmadığı görülmüştür. Muhafazakârlık, yalnızca erkeklerde kurbanı suçlayıcı atıflarla pozitif yönde ilişkilidir. Ayrıca düşmanca cinsiyetçilik düzeyi yüksek erkeklerin erkeklikle özdeşleşme düzeyi arttıkça katili suçlayıcı atıfları daha düşük oranda kullandıkları görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular alan yazın çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.
The Relationship Between Attributions to Femicide and Identification with Gender Group, Ambivalent Sexism and Political Ideologies
This study aims to examine the relationship between attributions to femicide in Turkey and various other socio-psychological structures. Employing the social identity approach to the attribution theory, identification with gender group, levels of hostile and benevolent sexism, and conservatism of 306 participants were assessed. For assessing the attributions to femicide, 32 items were developed, and the final scale consisted of 20 items that were loaded on the following three factors: (i) attributions blaming the murderer, (ii) attributions blaming the victim, and (iii) attributions to social structure. The results indicate that women are higher on levels of attributions blaming the murderer and the social structure, while men are higher on levels of attributions blaming the victim. Identifying with one’s own gender group for men appeared to negatively correlate with attributions blaming the murderer and social structure. Hostile sexism, in turn, seemed to positively correlate with attributions blaming the victim among both genders, while no such correlation was observed for benevolent sexism. Conservatism also positively correlated with attributions blaming the victim only among men. Moreover, there appeared to be a negative correlation between identification with one’s own gender group and attributions blaming the murderer among men with higher levels of hostile sexism. The results are discussed in light of the existing literature.

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