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Yıl:2004; Cilt: 14; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 2004;14(2):68-78
Türkiye’deki ruh hastalıkları hastanelerindeki psikofarmakolojik tedavilerin kalite yönünden değerlendirilmesi
H Ensari, ME Ceylan, E Kılınç, J Kenar
Bolu Devlet Hastanesi Bolu-Turkey
Amaç: Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hastane (R.S.H.H)’lerinde uygulanan psikofarmakolojik tedavilerin kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu amaçla Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği (APA)’nin hazırlamış oldu ğu “Psikofarmolojik Tarama Kriterleri” kullanılarak, ülkemizdeki 7 R.S.H.H’nden örnek olarak seçilen 3’ünde toplam 612 yatan hasta dosyası geriye dönük olarak incelenmiş; uygulanmış olan antipsikotik, antiparkinsoniyen, anksiyolitik, antidepresan ve lityum tedavilerinin yaygın olarak kabul edilmiş endikasyon, minimal dökümantasyon, uygun doz aralığı, süre, eşlik eden ilaç kullanımı, ek hizmetler, yan etki ve kontrendikasyon açısından APA kriterlerine uygunlukları araştı- rılmıştır.
Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, tüm psikotrop ilaç gruplarında tedavinin kalite kontrolünde en önemli veri kaynağı olan minimal dökümantasyonun (%36.7-%65.6) oldukça yetersiz olduğu; polifarmasi uygulamaları nın tüm ilaç gruplarında (%30.2–%77.7) yaygın olduğu, verilen tedavinin takibinde önemli olan ve içinde laboratuar tetkikleri ve yaşamsal işlevlerin takiplerinin de yer aldığı ek hizmetlerin tüm psikotrop ilaç gruplarında (%26.2-%65.1) sıklıkla eksik olduğu saptanmıştır.
Tartışma: Hastaneler arası bir karşılaştırma hedeflenmediği için 3 R.S.H.H.’nde saptanan değerlerin toplamı tartışılmıştır. Bizim düşüncemize göre, minimal dökümantasyon eksikliği ve polifarmasi gibi sorunları n altında Türkiye’deki psikiyatrik yatakların sayısının çok az olması yatmaktadır. Olması gereken aktif yatak sayısı 60 000 iken, 6000 civarındadır. Bu durum hastaların hastanelerden erken çıkarılmaları- na ve kısa zamanda tekrar yatırılmalarına neden olmaktadır. Psikiyatristlerin hızlı bir tedavi amacıyla polifarmasiye yönelmesi ve dökümantasyonu eksik bırakmaları söz konusudur
Quality assessment of psychopharmacological treatment in mental health hospitals in Turkey
Objective: In recent [year]s, the health insurance companies andgovernment agencies focused on the assesment of health care owingto steady increase in the cost of mental health care due to overuse ofcertain diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. Thus “QualityAssurance Programs” were developed in order to observe andcompare the adequate use of medication in accordance with desiredstandarts and correct the possible problems. The aim of this studywas to evaluate the practice in three mental hospitals in Turkeyaccording to “Quality Assurance Program”.Method: With the “Quality Assurance Program”, the quality of carecan be assessed by evaluating aspects of “structure”, “process” and“outcome”. “Psychopharmacological Screening Criteria” have beendeveloped by American Psychiatric Association in order to evaluatethe quality of the process of drug treatments. In this study, by using thePsychopharmacological Screening Criteria in three Mental HealthHospitals in Turkey, 612 inpatient documentations were reviewedretrospectively and inspected for antipsychotic, antiparkinsonian,anxiolytic, antidepressive drug and lithium treatments.Results: The most important problems regarding quality assurance inthese mental hospitals were deficiency in required minimaldocumentation, unacceptable dosage range, unusual duration oftherapy, unusual concomitant prescribing, critical adverse effects,critical adjunctive services and relative contraindicative drug usage.Minimal documentation deficiency which is the most valuableresource of information in implementation of quality assurance wasfound to be inadequate in about 30-77.7% of all cases. Criticaladjunctive services were also insufficient in all psychotropicmedications with a ratio between 26.2-65.1%.Conclusion: We determined that deficiency in minimaldocumentation requirement and polypharmacy are the mainproblem areas that should be focused on. This might be a result of amuch lower number of psychiatric beds in Turkey than in other countries. There are only 6000 beds in Turkey instead of an optimal number of 60 000. Premature discharge due to lack of available psychiatric beds and revolving door syndrome are other important problem areas in assuring quality in providing mental health service

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