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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 20; Sayı: 40>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2017;20(40):38-53
Benlik Gelişiminin Öz-Yeterlik Algısı ve Ebeveyn Davranışlarıyla İlişkisi
B Akçinar, E Özbek
Işık Üniversitesi ,İstanbul
Bu çalışma, erken yetişkinlik dönemindeki üniversite öğrencilerinin ebeveynlerinin davranışlarının onların öz-yeterlik algıları ve benlik (özerk, ilişkisel, özerk-ilişkisel) ile olan ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Ebeveynlik davranışları olarak, otoriter-itaat bekleme, sıcaklık/yakınlık ve psikolojik kontrol alt başlıklarından sevgiyi esirgeme ve suçluluk yaratma incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, benlik modeli olarak, Kağıtçıbaşı’nın (1996a) ‘özerk-ilişkisel benlik’ modeli temel alınmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini yaşları 18-23 arasında değişen, uygunluk yöntemi ile seçilmiş, 332 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın verileri, üniversite öğrencilerinin kendi benlik stillerini, öz-yeterlik algılarını ve ebeveynlerinin (hem anne hem de baba) davranışlarını ölçekler aracılığıyla değerlendirdikleri niceliksel yöntemlerle elde edilmiştir. Çalışma bulgularına göre (i) cinsiyetin ilişkisel ve özerk-ilişkisel benlik düzeyleri ile ilişkili olduğu; (ii) öz-yeterlik algısının, özerk benlik ve özerk-ilişkisel benlik ile pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu; (iii) sıcak ve yakın anne-baba davranışlarının, bireyin ilişkisel benlik düzeyi ile pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu; (iv) anne-babaların sevgilerini esirgeme yoluyla uyguladıkları psikolojik kontrolün bireyin özerk- ilişkisel benlik düzeyi ile negatif yönde ilişkili olduğu; (v) öz-yeterlik algısı düşük olan bireylerde, babalarının sıcak ve yakın davranışlarının, bireylerin özerk-ilişkisel benlik düzeyi ile pozitif yönde ilişkili bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın en önemli katkısı, Türk kültüründeki ebeveyn davranışlarını, bu davranışların bireylerin farklı benlik tipleri ile ilişkisini ve bu ilişkiyi, hem anne hem de baba davranışlarına odaklanarak araştırmasıdır. Özellikle, babaların genç yetişkin çocukları ile olan ilişkilerine yönelik yapılan ender çalışmalardan olması, bu çalışmanın literatüre katkıları bakımından önem taşımaktadır
The Association of Self Development with Self-Efficacy and Parenting Behaviors
This study aims to examine the relationship between parenting behaviors and the self-efficacy and self (autonomous, related, and autonomous-related) in university students. Obedience demanding, warmth and responsiveness, and psychological control with love withdrawal and guilt induction dimensions were investigated as the parenting behaviors. The conceptual framework of the study was based on Kagitcibasi’s (1996a) autonomous-related self-development model. The sample of the study is composed of 332 university students aged 18-23 that were selected by convenience sampling. The university students reported on the levels of their own parents’ behaviors (both mother and father), their self-efficacy and their self with questionnaires. The results of the study showed that (i) the gender of the students was associated with the related self and autonomous-related self ; (ii) the self-efficacy of the students was positively linked to their autonomous self and autonomous-related self scores; (iii) warmth and responsive mother and father behaviors were positively linked with students’ related self; (iv) the parental use of psychological control by using love withdrawal was negatively linked to students’ autonomous-related self; (v) the fathers’ warmth and responsive behaviors had a protective role on the development of autonomous-related self in students with lower levels of self-efficacy. The importance of this study is the investigation of both maternal and paternal parenting behaviors used as different discipline techniques in Turkish culture and their associations with the development of self during the early adulthood period. The paternal behaviors and their associations with development were rarely studied in the literature. This aspect of the current study is also critically important for possible contributions to the literature.

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