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Yıl:2002; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2002;3(2):88-96
Özkıyım girişimlerinin doğası
S Kesebir, D Gülpek, MA Noyan
Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı, İZMİR
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı 1997-1999 yılları arasında Ege Üniversitesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı Konsultasyon-Liyezon Birimi’nce
değerlendirilen özkıyım girişimi olgularına hangi oranda psikiyatrik tanı konduğunun, bu olguların psikiyatrik ve tıbbi öyküleri ve
sosyodemografik özellikleri ile, özkıyım girişim şekilleri ve özkıyım girişiminin kararlılığı açısından benzerlik ve farklılıklarının
ortaya konmasıdır. Yöntem: Özkıyım girişimi olguları geriye dönük izlem yoluyla ve kart tarama yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Demografik özellikler yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, çocuk sahibi olma, eğitim düzeyi başlıklarında ele alınmıştır. Öyküde, fizik
hastalık, depresif bozukluk, özkıyım girişimi, alkol ve madde kötüye kullanımı, kendine zarar verici davranış, son dönem yaşam
olayının varlığı incelenmiştir. Özkıyım girişiminin olduğu dönemde olgular psikiyatrik bakı ve psikiyatrik tanı yönünden
değerlendirilmiştir. Özkıyım girişiminin şekli ve kararlılığı araştırılmıştır. Değişkenlerin birbiri ile ilişkileri değerlendirilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 26.6 olan 239 kadın ve yaş ortalaması 30.6 olan 133 erkek, toplam 372 özkıyım girişimi
olgusu demografik veriler yönünden cinsiyete göre farklılaşmıştır. Psikiyatrik ve tıbbi öykü özkıyım riskini belirleyici etken olarak
sadece özkıyım girişiminin olduğu dönemde psikiyatrik tanı alan olgularda anlamlı bulunmuştur. Son dönem yaşam olayı, özkıyım
girişimi olgularında %75 oranında saptanmıştır. Özkıyım girişiminin olduğu dönemde olgular % 68 oranında bir psikiyatrik tanı
almışlardır. Bu hastaların %77’si duygudurum bozukluğu tanısı almıştır. Özkıyım girişiminde bulunan olgular %85 oranında
kimyasal ajanları tercih etmişlerdir. Ciddi girişim yöntemleri %47 oranında kullanılmıştır. Özkıyım girişiminde bulunan olguların
%55’i özkıyım girişimini haber verme davranışı göstermişlerdir. Sonuç: Özkıyım girişimlerinin doğasını belirlemede sosyodemografik
özellikler, psikiyatrik ve tıbbi öykü, psikiyatrik tanı önemli yordayıcı faktörlerdir. Bu olguların önemlidir, tanı ve sağaltımlarına
yönelik değerlendirilmelerinin daha özenli yapılması gereklidir, bu alanda iyi yapılandırılmış veri tabanı oluşturulmasına
ihtiyaç vardır, özkıyım girişimlerinin azaltılmasına yada önlenmesine yönelik özgül sağaltım birimleri oluşturulmalıdır.
The nature of committing suicide
Objective: This study is performed with patients who have been examined by the consultation-liaison unit in Ege University
Medical Faculty Department of Psychiatry between 1997-1999. The objective of the study is to compare these patients
according to their psychiatric diagnoses, the way of commiting suicide, sociodemographic variables and their decisiveness for
suicide. Method: The patients were evaluated retrospectively by searching the archives. The demographic variables were age,
gender, marital status and education. At the time of suicide, the patients were evaluated according to their psychiatric
diagnoses. Findings: Totally 372 sucidal patients whom 239 of them are female and 133 of them male were enrolled to this
study The mean age for female patients was 26.6 and for male patients 30.6. The only variable which has significant
importance for sucidality was the psychiatric diagnose at the time of the suicide. 68% of the patients had a psychiatric diagnose
at the time of the suicide. Affective disorders were most likely to be seen, 77% of the patients had an affective disorder. 85%
of the patients used chemical agents for suicide. 47% of the suicides were considered as serious. 55% of the patients informed
someone after their attempt for suicide. Results: Psychiatric history of the patient, psychiatric diagnosis and sociodemographic
variables are important to understand the nature of suicidal attempts. Well-constructed data-bases are needed for this occasion.
Spesific units must be formed in order to prevent and intervene suicidal attempts.

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