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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2018;21(1):15-23
Sentetik Kannabinoid Kullanan Genç Yetişkin Erkeklerde Sosyodemografik ve Klinik Özellikler
T Öznur, H Öznur, A Bolu, C Çelik, KN Özmenler
Gulhane Medical Faculty, Ankara
GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Sentetik Kannabinoid (SK), kullanımı tüm dünyada yaygınlaşmaktadır. Kullanıcı profillerini ortaya koyan çalışmalar maddenin özellikle genç erkekler arasında yaygınlaştığını göstermektedir. Ülkemizdeki SK kullanıcılarının sosyo-demografik, klinik özelliklerini ve madde kullanımına yönelik motivasyonlarına yönelik bilgiler kısıtlıdır. Öte yandan SK kullanımına bağlı akut intoksikasyon belirtilerine dair bilgilerin artmasına karşın uzun süreli SK kullanımına bağlı bedensel ve psikiyatrik sonuçlar ile yol açtığı işlev kayıpları hakkında bilinenler yetersizdir. Bu çalışmada, SK kullanımıyla ilişkili sosyo-demografik, klinik özellikler ile SK kullanımının yol açtığı olumsuz sonuçların araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Çalışmaya Kasım 2014-Nisan 2015 tarihleri arasında SK kullanımı nedeniyle psikiyatri polikliniğine başvuran SK kullanım kozukluğu tanısı konulan 166 erkek hasta alındı. Hastaların sosyodemografik bilgileri, madde kullanım özellikleri, ailesel madde kullanımı, madde kullanma gerekçeleri, tıbbi özgeçmişi, madde kullanımına bağlı yaşanan sorunlar ve istismar öyküsü sorgulandı. BULGULAR: SK kullanımına başlama yaşı 17.25±2.30 olarak bulundu. SK kullanım süresi 3.79±2.15 yıldı. SK kullanımına en sık, sigara (%95.8) ve kannabis (%88.6) kullanımının eşlik ettiği bulundu. %62.7’inde SK kullanımına bağlı intihar düşüncesi geliştiği belirlendi. Psikiyatrik yan etkiler içerisinde en sık öfori, hallüsinasyon, şüphecilik ve intihar düşüncesinin geliştiği saptandı. Uzun süreli SK kullanımına bağlı olarak olguların yaklaşık 1/3’nün iş kaybı ve yasal sorun yaşadığı bulundu. TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: SK kullanıcılarının sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin ve kullanma gerekçelerinin belirlenmesi, etkin müdahale programlarının geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunabilir. Ayrıca SK’lerin uzun süreli kullanımının yol açtığı olumsuzlukların ortaya konulmasının bu psikotrop ajanların popülerliğine katkıda bulunan doğal ve zararsız ürünler olduğu yönündeki genel kanının değişimine katkıda bulunabileceği değerlendirilmektedir.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Features of Young Adult Males Using Synthetic Cannabinoid
Object: Synthetic Cannabinoid (SC) use is becoming more widespread throughout the world. Studies that revealed user profiles indicate that the drug is especially popular among young men. Knowledge on sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and motivation for SC users in our country is limited. On the other hand, in spite of the increase of information known about symptoms of acute intoxication of SC use, physical and psychiatric consequences and loss of function due to longterm use of SC is limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate socio-demographic and clinical characteristics associated with SC use and the negative consequences caused by the use of SC. Methods: 166 male patients who admitted to the psychiatric outpatient clinic due to SC use disorder between November 2014 to April 2015 were enrolled in the study. Demographic data of patients, substance use characteristics, familial substance use, reasons for substance use, medical history, the problems related to drug use was questioned. Results: The age of onset for SC use was found to be 17.25 ± 2.30. SC using duration was 3.79 ± 2.15 years. The most common agents accompanying SC use were smoking (95.8%) and cannabis (88.6%). It was determined that 62.7% developed suicidal ideas due to SC use. Among psychiatric side effects, most common were euphoria, hallucinations, skepticism and suicidal ideation. About 1/3 of cases were found to live loss of business and legal issues depending on long-term SC use. 76.5% of the patients' consumed SC through inhalation and 22.9 % orally. It was determined that oral users began SC use at an earlier age than users via inhalation. Discussion: Despite the physical, mental, occupational, social and legal problems caused by the use of SC, it has become an important public health problem, especially among young men. Effective intervention programs for the use of outbreaking SCs need to be developed

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