Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2002; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2002;3(1):34-44
Çocuklarını kanser nedeniyle kaybeden ailelerin, kayıp öncesi ve sonrası yaşadıkları keder süreci
G Cimete, S Kuğuoğlu
Marmara Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği Anabilim Dalı, İSTANBUL
Amaç: Kanser nedeniyle çocuğunu kaybetmiş ailelerin, kayıp öncesi ve sonrası dönemde yaşadıkları duygusal tepkileri,
deneyimleri ve baş etmeleri ile destek sistemlerini belirlemek. Yöntem: Araştırma örneklemine, bir hastanede kanser tanısı ile
izlenen ve 1997-2001 yılları arasında ölen çocukların ailelerinden, çocuğun ölümünden sonra 8-14 ay geçen ve araştırmaya
katılmayı kabul eden beş ailenin 19 üyesi alınmıştır. Veriler, derinlemesine görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilmiş olup, bu amaçla yarı
yapılandırılmış bir görüşme rehberi ve kayıt için teyp kullanılmıştır. Verilerin yazılı dökümü dört uzman tarafından incelenmiş ve
verilerin keder sürece aşamaları ile yoksunluk süreci modeline göre gruplandırılmasına karar verilmiştir. Bulgular: Beklenen ve
beklenmeyen kayıp yaşayan ailelerde duygusal reaksiyon yoğunluğu pek farklılık göstermemiş, tümünde çocuğun kaybı öncesi
ve sonrası dönemde öfke ve depresyon eğiliminin daha yoğun ve uzun süre yaşandığı belirlenmiştir. Tüm bireyler çocuğun
ölümünden sonraki 3-4 aylık süreyi aşırı acılı, kederli diye tanımlamışlardır. Bir ailede, çocuğun hastalığı sürecinde annede
hipertansiyon, baba da aşırı kilo kaybı saptanmıştır. İki aile ikinci çocuklarının kaybını deneyimlemiş olup, bunlardan birinde
babada diyabet, annede uyku problemleri ve tekrar kayıp yaşayacağı endişesi, diğer ailedeki annede tüm çocuklara karşı öfke
tepkisi saptanmıştır. Tüm aileler çocuğun hastalığından kaynaklanan giderler nedeniyle ekonomik çöküntü yaşamıştır. Yalnızca
bir ailenın bazı yakınları çocuğun ölümünden önce ve sonra destek sağlamıştır. Sağlık personelinin duygusal destek bağlamında
yardımlarının olmadığı dikkati çekmiştir. Tüm ailelerde, çocuğun ölümünden sonra kayıp konusunun hiç konuşulmadığı
belirlenmiştir. Tartışma: Kanserli çocuk aileleri kayıp öncesi ve sonrası dönemde, keder sürecini başarılı bir şekilde yaşamak
için profesyonel desteğe gereksinim duymaktadırlar.
Grieving process of families before and after the death of their children from cancer
Objective: To determine the families’ emotional reactions, experiences, coping and support systems before and after the
death of their children from cancer. Method: Sample was composed from 19 members of the five families who accepted to
participate tha research and each family had a child who treated for cancer at a university hospital and died within 1997-2001
period. When the interview was made with families, it had been 8-14 [month]s as from the death of children. The data were
collected by in-dept interwiev. For this purpose, semi-structured interview guide and tape recorder to record the conversation
were used. Data were analysed by four professionals and decided that findings can be classified according to grieving process
and bereavement stages. Findings: Within the families who expected and unexpected losses, the density of the emotional
reactions did not very much, all having longer and denser periods of anger and depression both before and after the death of
their children. All members of families described the 3-4 [month]s after the death of child to be very painfull and sorrowful. In
one family, hypertension of the mother and excessive loss of weight of the father were detected. Two families experienced the
death of their second children. In one of them, diabets in father and insomnia in the mother together anxiety to experience
another loss were found. In the other family, the mother was seen to have anger towards all children. All families experienced
financial burden due to the treatment and care cost of children. Only the relatives of one family gave support before and after
the death of child. The healthcare personnel were not very helpful as far as emotional support is concerned. In all families, it
was seen that after the loss of the children, this matter was never mentioned. Conclusion:The families whose children
suffered from cancer, need support from health professionals to cope successfully with the grieving process before and after
the loss.

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