Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2002; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2002;3(1):5-13
Birinci basamak hekimlerinin şizofreniye bakış açısı
T Aker, E Özmen, K Ögel, A Sağduyu, Ş Uğuz, D Tamar, C Boratav, O Liman
Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi
Amaç: Türkiye’deki birinci basamak hekimlerinin şizofreni ve tedavisine yaklaşımı ile ilgili bilgi, eğilim ya da algılamalarının
saptanması ve bunu etkileyen etmenlerin ortaya koyulması amacıyla planlanan bu araştırma Psikiyatrik Araştırmalar ve Eğitim
Merkezi Derneği (PAREM) tarafından yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma Adana, İstanbul, Trabzon, Diyarbakır ve Bolu’da
yürütülmüştür. İllerin seçimi Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü’nün gelişmişlik sınıflaması, çalışan psikiyatrist sayısı ve farklı coğrafi
bölgeler dikkate alınarak yapılmıştır. İl ve ilçe merkezlerinde çalışan pratisyen hekimler araştırmaya alınmıştır. Uygulanan
ankette, şizofreni ve depresyona karşı bilgi, algı ve eğilimleri ölçmek için 60 item yer almakta olup, her item için “katılıyorum”,
“katılmıyorum” ve “fikrim yok“ şeklinde 3 yanıt kategorisi belirtilmiştir. Seçilmiş bölgelerdeki hekimleri ziyaret ederek, yüz yüze
görüşmeler yaparak, her ilde 1 olmak üzere toplam 5 anketör anketleri uygulamıştır. Araştırmada 123 sağlık ocağında çalışan
300 birinci basamak hekimine anket uygulanmıştır. Anketin uygulandığı sağlık ocaklarında bulunan 55 hekim anketi uygulamayı
reddetmiştir. Sonuçlar: Anketin uygulandığı hekimlerin %58.7’si erkek, %41.3’ü kadındır. Araştırmaya alınan hekimlerin yaş
ortalamaları 31.4, ortalama olarak çalışma süreleri 6.5 yıl, bir hafta içerisinde gördükleri hasta sayısı 247.6, son bir hafta içinde
gördükleri ortalama psikotik hasta sayısı ise 19.88’dir. Sonuçlara göre, hekimlerin büyük çoğunluğu şizofreniyi ruhsal bir zayıflık
hali olarak görmekte ve %80’i şizofrenin tam olarak düzelmediğine inanmaktadır. Hekimlerin üçte birinden fazlası şizofreninin
sosyal sorunlar nedeniyle ortaya çıktığına ve %26’sı şizofreninin iyileşmesi için sosyal sorunların çözülmesi gerektiğine inanmaktadır.
Şizofrenide psikoterapinin yararlı olacağına inananların oranı ise %56.3’tür. Hekimlerin yarısından fazlası şizofrenlerin
toplum içinde serbest dolaşmaması gerektiğine, saldırgan olduklarına, kendi hayatları ile doğru kararlar alamayacaklarına
inandıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Bu bulgular hekimlerin şizofreniye ilişkin stigmayı toplumla paylaştıklarını göstermektedir. Tartışma:
Bulgular şizofreninin değerlendirilmesi ve kavranmasında hekimlerin bakış açılarının önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Hekimlerin de
toplumun bakış açısına benzer bir şekilde şizofreniyi değerlendirdikleri görülmektedir. Şizofreni hastalığını daha fazla bilen ve
hastalarla daha yakın ilişkide olan bu grubun etiketleyici bir düşünce içinde olması bu konuda yürütülecek çalışmaların
kapsamının genişletilmesi konusunda uyarıcı olmaktadır
The point of view of the primary care physicians about schizophrenia
Subject: In this study, the knowledge, tendencies and perceptions of the primary care physicians about schizophrenia, the
treatment approaches; and the related issues about these subjects were aimed to investigate. Research has been conducted by
the Association of Psychiatric Researches and Education Center (APREC). Method: The study had been conducted in Adana,
Istanbul, Trabzon, Diyarbakir and Bolu. The selection criteria of the cities was done according to the developmental
classification of “State Institues of Statistics”, total number of psychiatrists working in the cities and different geographical
regions. The physicians working in the city centers were included in the study. The 60 item questionnaire was designed to
measure the knowledge, perception, and tendency about schizophrenia and depression. For each item, a 3 point scale was
designed as “agree”, “disagree”, and “don’t have an idea”. Five interviewers (1 from each city) administered the questionnaire
by visiting the doctors, and performed face-to-face interviews in the selected regions. The questionnaires were administered to
300 physicians who were working in 123 primary care centers. Fifty-five physicians were refused to participate in the study. The nonresponse rate was 18.3%. Results: 58.7% of the physicians were male. The mean age of the physicians was 31.4, while
the average of their working experience was 6.5 [year]s, the number of patients they examined per week were 247.6, the
average of the psychotic patients they examined in the last week was 19.88. According to the results, the majority of the
physicians were found to perceive the schizophrenia as a psychological weakness, 80% believed that this disorder was not
treated completetely. More than 1/3 of the participants aggreed that schizophrenia appears due to social problems, and 26% of
them believed that schizophrenia can be treated by the solution of social problems. On the other hand, 56.3% of the
participants indicated psychotherapy was usefull in the treatment of schizophrenia. More than half of the physicians was
indicated that the schizophrenic patients might not be free in the society, they were aggressive and they could not have the
right decission about their own life. Results showed that physicians share the similar schizophrenia related stigma with the
society. Discussion: Results also showed that the importance of conceptualizing and perceiving the schizophrenic illness by the
physicians. They conceptualize the schizophrenia in a similar way like the society. Since, the physicians’ group; who assumed to
have more knowledge about the schizophrenia and who has close relations with the patients, had a stigmatizing view about
schizophrenia, this situation probes the inclusion of related concepts in the primary care educational studies.

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