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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Çocuk Psikiyatrisi Özel Dergisi; 2017;3(3):175-180
Çocukta Fiziksel İstismar
H Doksöz, H Kar
Mersin Üniversitesi, Mersin
Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'ne göre fiziksel istismar; çocuğun ebeveynleri ya da bakmakla yükümlü kimselerin kasıtlı eylemleri sonucunda fiziki zarar görmesi ya da buna müsaade edilmesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Yaralanma nedeniyle çocuğu değerlendiren hekime düşen en büyük görev; kaza/fiziksel istismar ayırımını yapmak olmalıdır. Hekim öyküde istismar şüphesi olan olgularda; öncelikle çocukla yalnız olarak, sonrasında ebeveyn ya da bakmakla yükümlü kişilerle ayrı ayrı olarak görüşme yapmalıdır. Öykü alırken klinisyenin fiziksel istismarı işaret eden ve şüphelenmesi gereken durumlar: şüpheli, yaralanmayı açıklayamayan öykü, açıklamalarda değişiklikler, farklı görüşmecilere farklı öykü verme, anne, baba ve çocuğun farklı öykü vermesi, anne, babanın çocuğun rahatsızlığını önemsememesi ya da aşırı abartılı önemsemesi, ebeveynin yaralanma için çocuğu ya da kardeşleri suçlaması (çok yaramaz, baş edemiyorum), çocuğun kronik yalancı olduğu, uydurduğu söylemek, öykü vermemek ya da ağıt bir yaralanma mevcudiyetine rağmen travmayı reddetmek, çocuğun gelişim derecesi ile uyumsuz öykü, hastaneye başvuruda açıklanamayan gecikme, evde yaralı çocuğu tedavi etme gayreti ya da canlandırma gayreti gibi durumlardır. Fizik muayenede klinisyenin fiziksel istismarı işaret eden ve şüphelenmesi gereken durumlar ise özellikle hareket kabiliyetini kazanmamış bebekteki ekimozlar ve gövde, kulak, boyun veya kalçalarda lokalize ekimozlar, oral yaralanmalar, kazara dökülme paternine uymayan haşlanma yanıkları, batırma yanıkları, şekilli yanıklar, sigara yanıkları, yürüyemeyen bebekte uzun kemik kırıkları ve küçük yaş gurubunda ağır kırıklar ile açıklanamayan ağır yaralanmalardır. Klinisyen fiziksel muayene bulgularına ve yaralanma spesifik doğasına veya öyküsüne göre gerekli laboratuar ve radyolojik incelemeleri yapmalıdır. Fiziksel istismar şüphesi ya da ön tanısı olduğu durumda adli bildirim yapılmalı ve adli rapor düzenlenmelidir. Adli raporda yaralanmanın ağırlık derecesi belirtilmeli ve sosyal hizmet uzmanlarınca inceleme yapılıp çocuk açısından gerekli koruma tedbirlerinin aldırılması önerilmelidir.
Child Physical Abuse
Physical abuse of a child is defined as those acts of commission by a caregiver that cause actual physical harm or have the potential for harm by World Health Organization. The clinician who evaluated the child due to injury should make an accident/physical abuse discrimination. The intervention should be done with the child alone then with the parents separately. Certain specific historical features are associated with abuse and should raise suspicion are (Red flag historical features): no history or denial of trauma despite severe injury, implausible history for degree or type of injury, unexplained or excessive delay in seeking care, injury attributed to inhome resuscitation efforts, caregiver histories that change with retelling or conflict with versions from other observers, severe injury explained as self-inflicted or blamed on other young children. Findings of physical examination that raise the suspicion (Red flags for child physical abuse on examination) of child physical abuse include; any bruises especially in nonambulatory infants, bruises located on the torso, ear, neck, or buttocks, oral injuries, scalds in children that do not fit an unintentional spill pattern, immersion scalds, shaped burns, cigarette burns, long bone fracture in a nonambulatory infant, severe fractures in infants, serious injury without explanation. The laboratory and radilogical evaluation should be tailored to the findings on physical examination, as well as to the specific nature or history of the injury. Judicial notice should be done to the legal authorities when physical abuse is suspected or preliminary diagnosed by the clinician and forensic report should be prepared. The severity of the injury should be specified in forensic report and social investigation that results in setting up child protective policies by the social workers should be advised.

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