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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Psikiyatride Güncel; 2017;7(1):1-14
İntihar davranıșı: epidemiyoloji ve risk etmenleri
B Öncü
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’ne (DSÖ) göre dünyada her yıl yaklaşık 800 bin kişi intihar sonucu ölmekte ve çok daha fazla kişi intihar girişiminde bulunmaktadır Her yıl yaklaşık 50 ila 120 milyon kişinin intihar davranışından etkilendiği tahmin edilmektedir. Bireysel, ailesel ve toplumsal düzeydeki olumsuz etkileri ve ne kadar çok kişiyi etkilediği göz önüne alındığında intihar bir halk sağlığı sorunudur ve önlenebilir. İntihar davranışı için risk etmenlerinin belirlenmesi risk altındaki grupların saptanmasına yardım edecek, değiştirilebilir ve tedavi edilebilir etmenlere müdahale edilmesini sağlayacak ve intiharın önlenmesine katkıda bulunacaktır. DSÖ intihar riskini arttıran etmenleri bireysel, ilişkisel, yaşam ve çevreyle ilgili, toplumsal ve sağlık sistemi düzeylerinde değerlendirmektedir. Bunlar arasında genetik ve biyolojik yatkınlık, ruhsal hastalıklar, intihar girişimi öyküsü ve ailede intihar öyküsü, ümitsizlik, yaşamsal krizler, ekonomik sorunlar, alkol kullanımı, kronik ağrı, sosyal destek yetersizliği, travma, istismar, intihar araçlarına ulaşımın kolay olması, medyanın etkisi, savaş ve felaketler, ayrımcılığa maruz kalma ve sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşımdaki engeller sayılabilir. İntihara karşı koruyucu etmenler de bulunmaktadır. Gebelik, küçük çocuğu olma, aileye karşı sorumluluk hissi, sevdiklerini üzme konusunda suçluluk duyma, kişinin intihara karşı olumsuz tutum ve değerleri olması, içinde yaşadığı kültür, bağlı olduğu din ya da manevi değerlerinin intihara karşı olumsuz tavrı olması koruyucu etmenlerdendir. Risk etmenleri ve koruyucu etmenlerin değerlendirilmesiyle bireysel düzeyde risk değerlendirmesi yapılabileceği gibi toplumsal düzeyde önleme çalışmaları da planlanabilecektir.
Suicidal behaviour: epidemiology and risk factors
According to World Health Organization (WHO) over 800,000 people die due to suicide every year and there are many more who attempt suicide. Approximately 50–120 million are profoundly affected by the suicide or attempted suicide of a close relative or associate. Considering the negative effects on individual, familial and societal levels and the large number of people effected, suicide is a public health problem and can be prevented. Determining risk factors for suicide and identifying risk groups would lead to interventions of changeable and treatable risk factors and help suicide prevention. WHO grouped the risk factors for suicide into areas that span across systemic, societal, community, relationship and individual risk factors. Among these are genetic and biological factors, mental disorders, past suicide attempts, family history of suicide, hopelessness, life crises, financial loss, alcohol abuse, chronic pain, lack of social support, trauma, abuse, easy access to suicide means, inappropriate media reporting, wars, disasters, discrimination, difficulties in accessing health care and in receiving the care needed, and stigma against people who seek help for suicidal behaviours, or for mental health problems. The interplay between biological, psychological, social, environmental and cultural factors is important in determining suicidal behaviours. There are also protective factors against suicide such as pregnancy, having young children, feeling responsible towards family, guilt feelings about hurting loved ones, negative personal attitudes and values towards suicide, negative attitude of the culture or religious beliefs towards suicide. Determining risk and protective factors would help suicide risk assessment on individual level and planning suicide prevention strategies on societal level.

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