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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 54; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2017;54(3):196-201
Duygudurum Bozuklukları Tedavisinde Elektrokonvülzif Tedavi; Bir Yıllık İzlem
S Çakır, N Çağlar
İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul
Amaç: Elektrokonvülzif  tedavi (EKT)’nin duygudurum bozuklukları tedavisinde, özellikle tedaviye dirençli hastalarda etkin olduğu bilinmektedir. Buna karşın EKT ile sağlanan remisyonun yeterince uzun olmadığı gösterilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı duygudurum bozuklukları tanısı alan hastalarda EKT sonrası bir yıl süreli izlemde relaps/rekürrens oranları ve ilişkili etkenlerin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Gözlemsel bir araştırma ile unipolar depresyon ya da bipolar bozukluk depresif dönem tanısı alan ve EKT ile remisyona ulaşan hastalar en az bir yıl boyunca izlendi. İzlem süresi boyunca hastalar yapı- landırılmış klinik görüşme ile değerlendirildi. Relaps/rekürrens oranları birincil, hastane yatış oranı ile öz kıyım girişimi ikincil klinik gidiş belirleyicileri olarak seçildi. Remisyonda kalan ve relaps gelişen hastalarda klinik değişkenler, EKT ve farmakolojik tedavi değişkenleri gibi faktörler karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: EKT ile remisyona ulaşmış 62 hastanın 50’si  bir yıllık izlem süresini tamamladı. Otuz üç hastada (%66) relaps/rekürrens gelişti, 17 hasta (%36) remisyonu sürdürdü. Unipolar ve bipolar hastalarda relaps oranı benzerdi. EKT ortalama seans sayısı relaps gelişen bipolar hastalarda daha fazlaydı. Relaps gelişen unipolar depresyon tanılı hastalarda çoklu epizod daha sıktı. Ek psikiyatrik tanı oranı relaps gelişen unipolar depresyon ve bipolar bozukluk hastalarında daha yüksek idi.  Sonuç: EKT ile remisyona ulaşan hastalarda, ilk bir yıldaki relaps/rekürrens oranları oldukça yüksek olarak saptanmıştır. EKT kararı relaps açısından daha riskli olan ek tanılı ve çoklu epizodu olan hastalarda dikkatle verilmelidir. Duygudurum bozukluğu tanısı olan hastalar için EKT uygulama prosedürü ve takip eden idame tedavisi (idame EKT, ilaç tedavisi ve psikoterapi) uzun dönem izlemde remisyon süresini uzatacak biçimde planlanmalıdır.
Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Treatment of Mood Disorders: One-Year Follow-up
Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is known to be an effective option in the treatment of mood disorders, especially resistant depression. However, the remission achieved by ECT was reported to be not long lasting enough. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relapse/recurrence rates and associated risk factors during the first year after ECT in patients diagnosed with mood disorders. Methods: In a naturalistic observation, patients diagnosed with unipolar depressive disorder or a depressive episode of bipolar disorder and who had achieved remission by ECT were followed up for at least one year. The patients were evaluated with structured interviews during the follow-up period. The relapse/recurrence rates were the primary outcome measurements, while hospitalization and suicide attempts were the secondary outcome measurements. The remitted and non-remitted patients were compared regarding the clinical features, ECT, and pharmacological variables. Results: Fifty of 62 patients who had achieved remission with ECT completed the one year follow-up period. Thirty-three patients (66%) had relapse/recurrence, while 17 (34%) patients remained in remission. The relapse rates were similar in patients with unipolar depression and bipolar disorders. The mean number of ECT sessions was higher in relapsed patients with bipolar disorders. Multiple episodes were more frequent in non-remitted patients with unipolar depression. Comorbid psychiatric diagnosis was higher in non-remitted patients with unipolar and bipolar disorders. Conclusion: The relapse/recurrence rate was found to be fairly high in the first year of follow-up in patients who had achieved remission with ECT. ECT decisions should be made carefully in patients with comorbid psychiatric diagnosis and multiple episodes as these are more risky. The ECT application procedure and successive maintenance treatment (maintenance ECT, pharmacotherapy, and psychotherapy) should be planned to sustain the remission for patients with mood disorders in long-term follow-up

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