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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 54; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2017;54(1):15-20
Konversiyon Bozukluğunda Eştanı ve Çocukluk Çağı Travması
F Akyüz, PG Gökalp, S Erdiman, S Oflaz, Ç Karşıdağ
Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Bu çalışmada genel psikiyatri polikliniğine ayaktan başvuran Konversiyon Bozukluğu hastalarında sosyodemografik, klinik özellikler, eştanı varlığının değerlendirilmesi ve bu özelliklerin çocukluk çağı travma yaşantıları ile bağlantısının araştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntem: Çalışmaya genel psikiyatri polikliniğine başvuran hastalardan DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerine göre konversiyon bozukluğu tanısı alan 18-65 yaş arasında, okur-yazar olan 60 kadın hasta alındı. Olgulara Sosyodemografik ve Klinik Özellikler Anketi, Kısa Psikiyatrik Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Hamilton Depresyon Değerlendirme Ölçeği (HDDÖ), Hamilton Anksiyete Değerlendirme Ölçeği HADÖ), Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği (ÇÇTÖ), Disosiyatif Yaşantılar Ölçeği (DYÖ) uygulandı. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları 36,27 (±11.18), %72’si evli, %63’ü ilkokul mezunu idi. En sık belirtilerin asteni (100%), konuşamama (96,7%) ve ağlama-kasılma (93%) olduğu saptandı. En sık görülen psikiyatrik eştanılar ise depresyon (50%) ve disosiyatif bozukluklardı (48,3%). Hastalarda çocukluk çağında fiziksel şiddete maruz kalma oranı %53,3, cinsel tacize maruz kalma oranı ise %25 idi. Çocukluk çağı travma ölçeği incelendiğinde duygusal, fiziksel ve cinsel kötüye kullanım puanları ile DYÖ puanları arasında anlamlı pozitif ilişki saptandı. Sonuç: Konversiyon bozukluğu sağlık kurumlarında yeterince incelenmemektedir; eşlik eden diğer ruhsal bozuklukların ve geçmişteki travmatik yaşantıların varlığı psikiyatrik durumu karmaşıklaştırmaktadır. Tedavide bu konuların ele alınması bozukluğun seyir ve prognozunu olumlu yönde etkileyecektir.
Conversion Disorder Comorbidity and Childhood Trauma
Introduction: The aim of this study is to examine the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, the presence of comorbidity, and the link with childhood traumatic experiences in patients with conversion disorder (CD) in a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Methods: A total of 60 literate, female patients between 18 and 65 years of age who were referred to the general psychiatry outpatient clinic and who were diagnosed with conversion disorder according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were included in the study. A questionnaire on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Dissociative Events Scale (DES) were used to assess the cases. Results: The mean age of the participants was 36.27±11.18 years. 72% of the patients were married and 63% were primary school graduates. The most common symptoms were asthenia (100%), aphasia (96.7%), and crying-convulsions (93%). The most common co-morbidities were depression (50%) and dissociative disorders (48.3%). Among the patients, 53.3% reported a history of exposure to physical violence and 25% reported a history of sexual assault in childhood. Assessment of the Childhood Traumatic Questionnaire revealed a significant positive relation between emotional, physical, and sexual abuse scores and DES score. Conclusion: CD has not yet been fully analyzed in detail in health institutions; co-existence of another mental disorder and the presence of traumatic experiences in the past further complicate the issue. Consideration of these factors during treatment will have a positive impact on the course and prognosis of the disorder.

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