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Yıl:1999; Cilt: 10; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 1999;10(1):21-33
Somatoform Ağrı Bozukluğu: Tanımlayıcı Özellikler Ve Diğer Ruhsal Bozukluklarla İlişkileri
A Sağduyu, M Rezaki, BG Rezaki, İ Kaplan, G Özgen
Amaç: Somatoform ağrı bozukluğu son 20 yıl içinde tanımlanarak üzerinde çalışılmaya başlanmıştır. Tanım ve tanı ölçütleri üzerine olan tartışmalar devam etmekte olup, epidemiyolojik özellikleri yeterince bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada somatoform ağrı bozukluğunun yaygınlığı, tanımlayıcı özellikleri, sosyodemografik, yetiyitimi ve diğer ruhsal bozukluk değişkenleriyle ilişkileri ve bir yıllık seyri incelenmiştir.

Yöntem: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün planladığı uluslararası bir araştırma kapsamında, yarıkırsal bölgede bir sağlık ocağına başvuran 400 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Genel Sağlık Anketi, Uluslararası Bileşik Tanı Görüşmesi’nin Temel Sağlık Hizmetleri Uyarlaması, Sosyal Yetiyitimi Ölçeği, Kısa Yetiyitimi Anketi ve Sağlık Değerlendirme Formu uygulandı. Bir yıl sonra yapılan izleme çalışmasında 262 hasta ile görüşmeler tekrarlandı.

Bulgular: Sağlık ocağına başvuran hastaların %20.4’üne ICD-10 tanı ölçütlerine göre somatoform ağrı bozukluğu tanısı kondu. Bu hastaların tanı almayanlara göre yaş ortalamaları daha yüksek olup, eğitim düzeyleri daha düşük bulundu. Tanı oranları çalışanlarda ve ev kadınlarında bir işi olmayanlara göre daha yüksekti. Somatoform ağrı bozukluğu olanların olmayanlara göre daha yüksek oranda işlevsellik kaybı olduğu görüldü. Bu hastalarda görülen en sık belirti baş ağrısı olup (%68.5), bel/sırt ağrıları kadınlarda erkeklere göre daha yaygındı (%45.7, %18.8). Hastaların %54.8’i çökkün, %58.1’i bunaltılı hissediyordu. Somatoform ağrı bozukluğu olanların %60.5’i başka bir ICD-10 ruhsal bozukluk tanı ölçütünü de tamamlamakta olup, bunların içinde %45.2 ile depresyonun başı çektiği görüldü. Somatoform ağrı bozukluğu ile birlikte olma olasılığı yüksek olan ruhsal bozukluk değişkenleri, depresyon, nevrasteni ve somatizasyon bozukluğu olarak belirlendi. Hastaların %39.5’i sadece somatoform ağrı bozukluğu tanı ölçütlerini tamamlamakta ve bu grupta da sağlıklı olanlara göre daha yüksek oranda yetiyitimi bulunmaktadır. Tanı sürekliliği bir yıl için %57.4’dür.

Sonuç: Elde edilen bulgular, somatoform ağrı bozukluğunun, diğer ruhsal bozukluklar yüksek oranda eşlik etse de, depresyon ve diğer ruhsal bozukluklardan ayrı bir tanı grubu olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

Somatoform Pain Disorder: Descriptive Characteristics and Relation with Other Psychiatric Disorders
Objective: Somatoform pain disorder has been described and studied for 20 [year]s. Discussions on the description and diagnostic criteria for somatoform pain disorder still continue and epidemiologic characteristics of this entity have not been clarified yet. In this study, somatoform pain disorder’s prevalence, descriptive features, sociodemographic characteristics, disability and relation to other mental disorders, and outcome for one [year] are investigated.

Method: The sample of this study which is part of an international study planned by World Health Organization is composed of 400 patients seen in primary health care setting located in a semirural area. Diagnostic instruments used in the study are General Health Questionnaire, Primary Health Care Version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview, Social Disability Scale, Brief Disability Questionnaire and Health Assessment Schedule. A follow-up study was performed on 262 patients one [year] later.

Results: 20.4% of patients seen in primary health care setting had a diagnosis of somatoform pain disorder according to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. The mean age was higher and the level of education was lower in these patients than the patients without somatoform pain disorder. The rate of somatoform pain disorder diagnosis was found higher in working patients and housewives compared to the patients without a job. Disability ratio was higher in patients with somatoform pain disorder than patients without it. Headache was the most prevalent symptom with the prevalence of 68.5% in patients with the diagnosis of somatoform pain disorder and back pain was more prevalent in female than male patients (45.7%, 18.8%). 54.8% of patients felt depressed and 58.1% of patients felt anxious. 60.5% of patients also met diagnostic criteria for other ICD-10 mental disorder, and depression was the most common comorbidity (45.2%). Psychiatric disorders which had high diagnostic probability rate in the presence of somatoform pain disorder diagnosis were depression, neurasthenia and somatization disorder. 39.5% of patients with diagnosis of somatoform pain disorder met only diagnostic criteria of somatoform pain disorder. In this group, disability level was higher than healthy population. Persistance rate of somatoform pain disorder diagnosis for one [year] was 57.4%.

Conclusion: This study suggest that although there is high comorbidity between somatoform pain disorder and other mental disorders, somatoform pain disorder is probably a distinct entity apart from depression and other mental disorders.

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