Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:1999; Cilt: 10; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 1999;10(4):310-318
Türkiye'de Alkol Kullanımı Ve Bağımlılığının Yaygınlığı Üzerine Bir Gözden Geçirme
A Türkcan
Ülkemizde alkol kullanımı ve bağımlılığının sıklığı ve yaygınlığını saptamak için yapılan araştırmaların incelenmesi, erişkinlere yönelik sınırlı sayıda araştırmaya kıyasla öğrencilere yönelik araştırmaların daha fazla sayıda olduğunu göstermektedir. Elde edilen sonuçların birbiri ile karşılaştırıldığı çalışma sayısı ise yok denecek kadar azdır. Çalışmamızda, ülkemizde öğrenciler, erişkinler ve genel toplum örneklemi için yapılan çeşitli araştırmaların sonuçları ve alkol kullanımı ve bağımlılığına ait veriler, alkol bağımlılığı tedavisi için hastane başvuruları ve yıllar içinde değişen alkol tüketim miktarları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen ve kısmen karşılaştırılabilir durumdaki sınırlı sayıdaki veri, üniversite öğrencileri arasında alkol kullanımının lise öğrencilerinden daha fazla olduğunu ve yıllar içinde arttığını göstermektedir. Elde edilen verilere göre, Türkiye'de lise ve üniversite öğrencilerini, öğrenci olmayan ama çalışan gençleri ve genel toplum örneklemini yansıtan, alkol kullanımı ve bağımlılığına ilişkin çok merkezli epidemiyolojik çalışmalara gereksinim vardır.


The Extent of Alcohol Use and Dependence in Turkey-A Review
A consideration of studies conducted to determine the frequency and extent of alcohol consumption and dependence in our country reveals a relative predominance of work on students with a limited number of studies on adults. On the other hand comparison of the results of these studies are sparse. In this study, the results of various studies in Turkey for student, adult and general population samples and data pertaining to the extent of alcohol use and dependence are analyzed with due consideration on hospital referrals for treatment of alcohol dependence and changing trends in alcohol consumption. Limited data reveals that the alcohol consumption of high school and university students is increasing. While lifetime alcohol use of Istanbul University students were 58 % in 1983, in Ankara University population this ratio was determined as 90 % in 1990. The lifetime prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence of university students in Erzurum in 1997 was 3.1 %. In adult populations the alcohol dependence rates were 1.6 % (teachers) in Ankara in 1987, 8.5 % (workers of alcohol factory) in Istanbul in 1990, 0.08 % (tradesmen) in Izmir in 1994, 0.9 % (semi-city population) in Ankara in 1996. The consumption of raki (a hard drink with 40 % alcohol) increased from 19.788.000 litres to 71.268.000 litres, from 1971 to 1997 in Turkey.

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