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Yıl:2000; Cilt: 11; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2000;11(1):40-48
Genç erkeklerde madde kullanımı: Sosyodemografik özellikler ve psikiyatrik tanılar
L Sevinçok, Y Küçükardalı, Ç Dereboy, F Dereboy
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı genç erkeklerde madde kullanımı ile ilgili sosyodemografik özellikleri ve psikiyatrik sorunları araştırmaktır.

Yöntem: İlk olarak bir askeri eğitim birliğinde askerlik görevini yapan 3802 kişiye demografik değişkenlerle, madde kullanımının çeşitli özelliklerini öğrenmek amacıyla bir soru formu verilmiştir. Soruları yanıtlayan 3694 kişinin formlarının değerlendirilmesinden sonra rastgele seçilmiş alkol ve diğer maddeleri (DM) kullanan 281 kişi ve hiç madde kullanmadığını bildiren 114 sağlıklı kişiyle tanısal görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Bu görüşmeler sırasında madde kullanmaya başladıktan sonra ortaya çıkan özkıyım girişimi ve özkıyım düşünceleri hakkında da bilgi alınmıştır.

Bulgular: Örneklemin %80.2’si (n= 2962) yaşam boyu en az bir kez tütün kullanmıştır. %31.9’u (n= 1178) ise yaşam boyu en az bir kez alkol kullanmıştır. Deneklerin %3’ü (n= 113) hergün alkol almaktadır. Yaşam boyu en az bir kez DM kullananların oranı %3.6’dır (n=131). Bu kişilerin %59.4’ü (toplam örneklemin %1.7’si) hergün DM kullanmaktadır. Tütün, alkol ve DM’e ortalama başlangıç yaşları sırasıyla 16.4±2.8, 17.3±2.3 ve 17.2±2.8’dir. En sık kullanılan psikoaktif maddeler esrar (n=78), sokakta satılan çeşitli ilaçlar (n=22), reçeteyle satılan sedatif, hipnotik ve anksiyete gidericiler (n=22), inhalanlar (n=14) ve opiyatlardır (n=7). Alkol kullananların %25’inde ve DM kullananların ise %40.4’ünde bir Eksen I tanısı vardır. Her iki grup için de ilk iki tanı majör depresyon (MD) ve anksiyete bozukluklarıdır. Alkol kullananların %30.8’i ve DM kullananların %56.9’unda bir Eksen II bozukluğu vardır. Alkol kullananlardaki ilk iki eksen II tanısı çekingen (%9.8) ve sınır (%5.6) kişilik bozukluklarıdır. DM kullananlardaki en sık Eksen II tanıları antisosyal (%23.0) ve sınır (%14.6) kişilik bozukluklarıdır. Alkol kullananların %8.1’i, DM kullananların %24.7’si madde kullanmaya başladıktan sonra özkıyım grişiminde bulunmuştur. Madde kullanmaya başladıktan sonraki dönemde özkıyım düşünceleri olan deneklerin oranı alkol kullananlarda %20.9, DM kullananlarda ise %25.7’dir.

Sonuç: Bulgularımız gençlerde madde kullanımı sorununun önemli boyutlarda olduğunu göstermektedir. Madde kullanımına eşlik eden psikiyatrik tanılar ve özkıyım davranışı gençlerdeki önemli sağlık sorunları arasındadır.

Substance Use Among a Group of Young Males: Sociodemographic Features and Psychiatric Diagnoses
Objective: The goals of this study were to investigate the sociodemographic features and psychiatric comorbidity of subtance use as well as the prevalences of alcohol, tobacco and other substance use related problems in young men.

Method: Initially, an inquiry form was administered to 3802 males in a military troop to collect data for analysing demographic variables, and several features of substance use. Following the initial assessment, diagnostic interviews were performed with randomly selected 281 alcohol and other substance users, and 114 control subjects reporting no substance use. During these interviews, additional information was obtained about suicidal attemps and intentions associated with substance use.

Results: The life time rate of cigarette smoking was 80.2% of the sample (n=2962). 31.9% of the subjects (n=1178) reported life time alcohol use. 3% of the sample (n=113) were daily users. The percentage of life time drug users was 3.6% (n=131), and 59.4% of them (1.7% of total sample) were daily users. The mean ages of onset for cigarette, alcohol and the other drug use were 16.4±2.8, 17.3±2.3 and 17.2±2.8, respectively. The most frequently used psychoactive substances were cannabis (n=78), street drugs (n=22), legally prescribed sedative-hypnotics and anxiolytics (n=22), inhalants (n=14), and opiates (n=7). 25.0% of alcohol users and 40.4% of drug users had a comorbid Axis I diagnosis. The most frequent two diagnoses were major depression and anxiety disorders in alcohol and drug users. The 30.8% of alcohol, and 56.9% of drug users had an additional Axis Ii diagnosis. Avoidant (9.8%) and borderline (5.8%) personality disorders were the most prevalent Axis II diagnoses in alcohol users. The most frequent Axis II diagnoses were antisocial (23.0%), and borderline personality disorders (14.6) in drug users. 8.1% of alcohol users and 24.7% of drug users attempted suicide at least once after initiation to substance. The rates of suicidal ideation after initiation to substance was 20.9% in alcohol users, and was 25.7% in drug users.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that substance use is an important problem among young males in Turkey. Psychiatric comorbidity and suicidal behaviour in substance use are among the serious health matters in the youngs.

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