Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2002; Cilt: 13; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2002;13(2):115-124
Eskişehir İlinde Birinci Basamak Sağlık Kurumlarında Verilen Ruh Sağlığı Hizmetlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Ü Ayrancı, Ç Yenilmez
Osmangazi Ü Tıp Fak Psikiyatri ABD, Eskişehir
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı psikiyatrik tanı düşünülen ve/veya tedavi önerilen hastaların sıklığını belirlemektir. Ayrıca, psikiyatrik bozuklukların yaş ve cinsiyetle ilişkisini ve hekimleri tarafından psikiyatrik tanı düşünülen hastalara önerilen tedavileri araştırmak amaçlanmaktadır.

Yöntem: Poliklinik defterlerindeki kayıtların taranmasını içeren bu çalışmada, Eskişehir il merkezinde bulunan bütün sağlık ocaklarına 1 yılda başvuran 313.139 hasta ile ilgili veriler incelendi.

Bulgular: Sağlık Ocaklarına psikiyatrik bir hastalık nedeniyle 1’den fazla başvuran hastalar olarak belirlenen en az bir kez başvuran hastalarda ruhsal hastalık oranı %2.34 idi. Bir kez başvuranlarda ise bu oran %1.04 idi. Kadınlarda başvuru sıklığı erkeklere göre daha sık bulunurken, en sık konulan tanılar depresyon ve anksiyete bozuklukları idi. Her iki bozukluk, kadınlarda daha fazla saptanırken, en sık kullanılan ilaçlar ise antidepresanlar ve anksiyolitikler idi.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, gösterildiği gibi Eskişehir ilindeki sağlık ocaklarında ruhsal hastalık teşhislerinin düşük oranda konması ve tedavisinin düşük oranda yapılması ile ilgili olarak aşağıdaki nedenleri düşünmekteyiz. Hekimlerin ruhsal hastalıkları yeterince teşhis edememesi, ruhsal değerlendirme ölçekleri kullanılmaması, hastaların hastalıklarının farkında olmaması ve ruhsal semptomları hakkında yeterli bilgi vermemesi, fiziksel hastalıklara sıklıkla ruhsal belirtilerin eşlik etmesi, hekimlerin hastalara olumsuz yaklaşımları ve hekimlerin ilaç ya da tıbbi kayıtlara önem vermeme eğilimleri.
Evaluation of Mental Health Services in Primary Health Care Settings in the City Centre of Eskisehir
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of cases thought to have a mental disorder, and/or proposed treatment. Adittionally, we assessed the relationship between age and sex regarding mental disorders, and the treatments recommended to patients diagnosed as mentally ill by their physicians.

Method: During a one [year] period the out-patient policlinic registration lists of 313,139 patients attending primary health care clinics in the centre of Eskisehir were scanned by the researchers.

Results: The proportion of mental disorders in patients attending primary care centres at least once owing to a mental disorder was 2.34%. However, this proportion in patients attending once was 1.04%. Compared with men, women attended primary care clinics more frequently. The most common diagnoses were depression and anxiety disorders; these were more frequent in women than in men. The most frequently prescribed medicines for mental disorders were anxiolitics and antidepressants.

Conclusion: The low levels of diagnoses and treatments of psychiatric disorders in primary care settings are thought to be associated with the following: physicians under-recognising mental disorders despite being educated about this subject, mental screening scales not being used, patients being unaware of their diseases and giving insufficient information to physicians about mental symptoms, co-occurrence of medical diseases and psychiatric problems, the physicians’ negative approach to patients, and the physicians’ tendency not to give importance to drug or medical records.

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