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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 18; Sayı: Ek 1>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2017;18(Ek 1):43-45
Antipsikotikler, klorpromazin ve yineleyen priyapizm: Bir olgu üzerinden gözden geçirme
DS Aykut, EÖ Karagüzel, E Karagüzel
Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon
Priyapizm, ağrılı ereksiyon ile karakterize ürolojik acil bir durumdur. Etiyolojisi çok sayıda ve çeşitlidir. Tüm priyapizm olgularının %95’ini iskemik priyapizm oluşturmaktadır. Bu olguların % 60’ında bir neden bulunamazken, %40’ında hematolojik hastalıklar, ilaç kullanımı öyküsü, malignite veya nörolojik hastalık öyküsü saptanabilmektedir. Priyapizm ile ilişkisi en çok gösterilen ilaçlar antipsikotikler, antidepresanlar, antikoagülanlar ve antihipertansiflerdir. Priyapizm olgularının %15-26'sında etken olarak antipsikotik ajanlar suçlanmış olmasına rağmen, ilaç kaynaklı priyapizmin düzeneği tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Bununla birlikte psikotropik ajanların periferal alfa-1 bloke edici aktiviteleri veya merkezi serotonin benzeri aktiviteleri priyapizm tablosundan sorumlu tutulmaktadır. Fenotiyazin grubu antipsikotik ajanlardan olan klorpromazin ve tiyoridazin, en yüksek alfa adrenerjik afiniteye sahip olup priyapizm ile ilişkileri en çok bildirilen antipsikotiklerdir. Klorpromazin, yüksek alfa-1 antagonistik aktiviteye sahip olan bir antipsikotiktir, farklı dozlarda ve farklı kullanım sürelerindeki klorpromazin kullanımı ile ortaya çıkan priyapizm olguları bildirilmiştir. Bu olgu sunumunda, şizoaffektif bozukluk tanısı ile izlenmekte olan hastada ortaya çıkan priyapizm tablosu kas içi klorpromazin kullanımı ile ilişkilendirilmiş olup, bu bağlamda ilaç yan etkilerine karşı klinisyenin duyarlılığını artırmak amacıyla literatürdeki klorpromazin ve diğer antipsikotik ilaçlar ile ilişkili priyapizm olguları ve priyapizmle ilişkili öngörücü etkenler gözden geçirilmiş, yeterli psikiyatrik ve tıbbi öykü alınması, yan etki kayıtlarının düzenli tutulmasının önemi vurgulanmıştır.
Antipsychotics, chlorpromazine and recurrent priapism: A review over a case
Priapism is a rare urological emergency characterized by painful erection exceeding 4-6 h and generally occurring independently of sexual desire and sexual relations. The etiology is broad and various. The ischemic type represents 95% of all cases of priapism. No cause is determined in 60% of cases of ischemic priapism, while hematological diseases, a history of drug use, malignity or a history of neurological disease can be identified in 40%. The drugs most commonly associated with priapism are antipsychotics, antidepressants, anticoagulants and antihypertensives. Although antipsychotic agents are implicated in 15-26% of cases of priapism, the mechanism involved in drug-associated priapism is unclear. The peripheral alpha 1 blocking activities of psychotropic agents or central serotonin-like activities are, however, implicated. The phenothiazine group antipsychotic agents chlorpromazine and thioridazine have the highest alpha adrenergic activity and are the antipsychotics most reported in association with priapism. Chlorpromazine is an antipsychotic with high alpha 1 antagonistic activity, and cases of priapism associated with use of chlorpromazine at varying doses and for varying durations have been reported. In this case report, the priapism in the patient with schizoaffective disorder is associated with intramuscular injection of chlorpromazine, in this regard the priapism cases and predictive factors in the literature is reviewed for the aim of increasing the sensitivity of clinician across the adverse effects of drugs and the importance of adequate psychiatric history and medical history taking and registering adverse effects of drugs is emphasized.

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