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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 18; Sayı: Ek 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2017;18(Ek 1):15-18
Okul öncesi yaş grubunda bipolar bozukluk: Üç olgu ve izleme süreçleri
A Kutlu, HÖ Erkuran
Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İzmir
Amaç: Bu yazıda okul öncesi dönemdeki üç bipolar bozukluk olgusunun klinik görünümleri ve tedavi süreçlerinin ilgili literatür eşliğinde tartışılarak sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Olguların psikiyatrik değerlendirmeleri Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal Elkitabı, beşinci baskı ölçütleri temel alınarak yapılmıştır. Belirti şiddeti Young Mani Derecelendirme Ölçeği kullanılarak saptanmıştır. Sonuçlar: Tüm olgular bipolar bozukluk-tip I ve dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu tanı ölçütlerini karşılıyordu. Ailede depresyon öyküsü, anksiyete ve stresli yaşam olaylarının varlığının belirti şiddeti ile tedavi direncini artırdığı gözenmişti. Tedaviyi erken bırakma ve sonrasında yineleyici manik nöbetlerle yeniden başvuru sık gözlenmişti. Valproik asidin tek tedavi ajanı olarak kullanıldığı bir olguda klinik iyileşme gözlenmezken, yeni kuşak antipsikotiklerle tedavi (risperidon, olanzapin, aripiprazol, paliperidon) iyi tolere edilmekteydi. Tartışma: Nadir görülen, diğer psikiyatrik bozukluklar ve özellikle dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu ile binişikliğin sık gözlendiği, tedavi yanıtı ile izleme devam oranlarının düşük seyredebildiği; ancak önemli bir morbidite ve işlev kaybı yaratan okul öncesi yaş grubundaki bipolar bozukluk tanısının doğası, klinik gidişi ve tedavisinin daha geniş örneklem grupları ve uzunlamasına izlem çalışmaları ile daha fazla aydınlatılmasına gereksinim olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Preschool bipolar disorder: Three cases and their follow-up
Objective: Three preschool mania cases were presented discussing clinical phenomenology and treatment with relevant literature. Methods: Psychiatric assessments were done based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria. Symptom severity was measured using Young Mania Rating Scale. Results: All met criteria for bipolar disorder type I and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Familial depression, anxiety and stressful life events increased symptom severity and treatment resistance. Premature dropouts and referrals due to repetitive manic episodes were frequent. While no clinical improvement was observed in a case where valproate was single agent, new generation antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole, paliperidone) were well-tolerated. Discussion: We believe nature, clinical course and treatment of bipolar disorder in preschoolers needs to be further enlightened with larger sample groups and longitudinal follow- up studies, as this rare condition is an important cause of morbidity and functional loss mainly for this age group where lower rates of treatment response and follow-up and comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders, especially ADHD is common.

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