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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 4; Sayı: 8>> Özet
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Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2016;4(8):245-267
Sosyal Değer Yöneliminin Bileşenleri: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması
Ö Yalçın
Connecticut Üniversitesi, United States
Kişinin, kaynakların kendisi ve bir başkası arasında farklı biçimlerde dağıtılmasına yönelik tercihi olarak tanımlanan sosyal değer yöneliminin (SDY) (McClintock, 1988), bir kişilik değişkeni olduğu varsayılmasına karşın bazı çalışmalar, SDY’nin durumsal değişkenlere bağlı olarak değişebildiğini göstermiştir (Griesinger ve Livingston, 1973; Grzelak, 1986). Bu tutarsızlığın, çalışmaların SDY’ye ilişkin daha önceki tanımlamaları ve geliştirilen ölçüm araçlarının SDY’nin çok faktörlü bir yapı olabileceğini göz ardı etmiş olmalarından kaynaklanmış olabileceği göz önüne alınarak bu çalışmada, SDY’nin bileşenleri tanımlanmış ve Çok Boyutlu Sosyal Değer Yönelimi Ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Ölçek Ankara’da öğrenimini sürdürmekte olan 257 üniversite öğrencisine (Ort. Yaş = 25, S = 4.1) uygulanmıştır. Faktör analizi sonucunda ölçeğin dört faktörlü (diğerine ilişkin algılar, paylaşılan çevredeki etkileşimler, paylaşılmayan çevredeki etkileşimler ve karşılıklı bağımlılık durumuna ilişkin algılar) bir yapıda olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa içtutarlık katsayısı tüm ölçek için .86 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Alt ölçeklerin iç tutarlık katsayıları .70 ile .87 arasında değişmektedir. Ölçek, Üç Baskın Sosyal Değer Yönelimi Ölçeği’yle (Van Lange ve ark., 1997) orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişkiye sahiptir ve toplum yanlılarının Çok Boyutlu Sosyal Değer Yönelimi Ölçeği’nden aldıkları puanların kendine yanlıların puanlarına göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, SDY’lerin dört farklı bileşenden oluşan bir yapı olduğu ortaya konmuştur
Components of Social Value Orientation: A Scale Development Study
Although previous studies assumed that Social Value Orientations (SVO) are stable individual differences in preferences for different distributions of sources for oneself and others (McClintock, 1988), other confounding studies demonstrated that SVOs are not stable among certain situations (Griesinger & Livingston, 1973; Grzelak, 1986). This study proposed that these inconsistent findings might be a result of ignoring the multi-factor feature of the SVOs which have not seen as an option in the previous descriptions and measurements. Based on this assumption, the components of SVO were identified and an instrument (The Multidimensional Scale of Social Value Orientation) was developed in this study. Two hundred and fifty-seven undergraduate students from Ankara/Turkey (M Age = 25, SD = 4.1) participated in the study. The PCA results suggested a four-factor solution for the scale (perceptions of interdependence, interactions in shared environment, interactions in unshared environment, perceptions about other). Cronbach alfa coefficient for the scale was .86; and ranged from .70 to .87 for the subscales. Analysis indicated a significant and literatureconsistent relationship between The Multidimensional Scale of SVO Scale and Triple Dominance Measure of Social Values (Van Lange et al., 1997). In conclusion, this study revealed that SVO is a construct that consists of four different components.

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