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Yıl:2001; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2001;12(4):315-319
Lityum zehirlenmesine bağlı koreatetoz: Bir olgu ve literatürün gözden geçirilmesi
S Kesebir, F Akdeniz, S Vahip
Ege Ü. Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri ABD, İzmir
Bir olguda lityum zehirlenmesine bağlı aniden gelişen, geri dönüşlü yaygın koreiform bozukluk bildirilmiştir. Lityum zehirlenmesi sırasında sık gözlenen gastrointestinal ve serebellar bulgular olmaksızın istemsiz hareketler ortaya çıkmıştır. Bipolar bozukluk tanılı hasta, koruyucu sağaltım olarak sekiz yıl düzenli ve son iki yıl çoğunlukla ilacı almamak üzere düzensiz olarak lityum karbonat kullanmıştır. Son iki ay lityum karbonat kullanımını tamamen bırakmışken, lityum karbonatı yeniden günde 300 mg dozda kullanmaya başladığının dördüncü günü istemsiz hareketler ortaya çıkmıştır. Son lityum dozu alımını izleyen 36 saatin ardından bakılan serum lityum düzeyi 0.94 mEq/L bulunmuştur. Serum lityum düzeyinin 0.72 mEq/L düzeyine düşmesi ile birlikte istemsiz hareketler ortadan kalkmıştır. Olguda gözlenen koreoatetoid hareketleri açıklayacak lityum dışında başka bir etiyolojik neden saptanmamıştır. Yatış sırasında yapılan tetkikler sonucunda kronik böbrek yetmezliği tanısı koyulmuştur. Lityum zehirlenmesi de sinsi gelişen kronik böbrek yetmezliğine bağlanmıştır. Olgu sunumu ile birlikte ender olarak görülen lityuma bağlı koreoatetoz olguları gözden geçirilmiştir. Lityuma bağlı koreoatetozun olası etki düzenekleri tartışılmıştır.
Lithium intoxication induced choreoathetosis
We report a female patient who developed an acute, reversible, generalized choreiform disorder associated with lithium intoxication. The involuntary movements appeared without the common features of lithium intoxication, such as gastrointestinal and cerebellar symptoms. Lithium had been prescribed for bipolar disorder, and the patient had used the drug for eight [year]s regularly and the last two [year]s irregularly. She had taken no medication for the last two [month]s. The involuntary movements developed on the fourth day of the initiation of the medication at a dosage of 300 mg per day. The serum lithium level was 0.94 mEq/L, 36 hours after the last lithium intake. The chorea improved as serum lithium levels diminished. There were no apparent etiological factors other than lithium for the choreoathetoid movements. The reason for the lithium intoxication in this patient was chronic renal insufficiency. We review case reports of lithium-induced chorea in the literature. Possible mechanisms of lithium-induced choreoathetosis are discussed.

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