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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Ayna Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi; 2016;3(3):26-35
Otomatik Portakal Filmi ve Kitabının Antisosyal Kişilik Bozukluğu Açısından İncelenmesi
R Sönmezsoy
Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Anthony Burgess’ın 1962 yılında romanını yazdığı, Stanley Kubrick’in ise 1971 yılında yapımcılığını ve yönetmenliğini yaptığı Otomatik Portakal adlı filmde, Alex’in yaşamı konu edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada da davranışçı kuram çerçevesinde antisosyal kişilik bozukluğuna sahip olan Alex’in hayatı ele alınmıştır. Alex’in hayatı üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Alex’in hayatının ilk bölümünde, onun, antisosyal kişilik bozukluğuna sahip, empati yeteneğinden yoksun ve şiddet eğilimli bir kişi olduğu anlatılmaktadır. Bu bölümde özellikle insanlara güvenmeme konusu üzerinde durulmaktadır. Alex’in hayatının ikinci bölümünde, Alex, kaldığı cezaevinde “Suçluları Yeniden Topluma Kazandırma” projesi sebebiyle “Ludavico” adlı bir laboratuvar çalışmasına tabi tutulmuş ve kişiliği klasik koşullanma yöntemi ile düzeltilmek istenmiştir. Alex’e bunun karşılığında özgürlük vaat edilmiştir. Alex’in hayatının üçüncü bölümünde, Alex’in özgürlüğüne kavuşması sonucunda yaşadıkları tedavi edilmesi ve tekrar bir çete kurarak eski günlerine dönmesi anlatılmaktadır. Hikayenin sonunda ise Alex, artık çete olaylarında zevk almadığını, evlenmek istediğini anlaması üzerine büyüdüğünü fark etmektedir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, psikolojik anlamda antisosyal kişilik bozukluğu ele alınırken, bunu bireyin özgür iradesi olmadan, makine gibi otomatik bir şekilde iyi olan davranışı seçmeye zorlanması eleştirilmektedir.
An Investigation of Film and Book of A Clockwork Orange According to Antisocial Personality Disorder
A Clockwork Orange, written by Anthony Burgess in 1962, produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick in 1971, plots Alex’s life. In the present article, main character’s personality disorder was discussed according to behaviorist theory. Alex’s life consists of three parts. In the first part of his life, he is described as, with an antisocial personality disorder, having lack of empathy and being a person prone to violence. This part specifically focused on the matter of trusting people. In the second part of Alex’s life, Alex was subjected to a laboratory study “Ludavico”, which is a part of a project called “Reintegrating Offenders to Society” and he was treated to shape his personality with classical conditioning. In exchange for that, Alex has been promised his freedom. In the third section of Alex’s life, his life after emancipation – the treatment and re-establishment of a gang to return to the old days – is discussed. At the end of the story, Alex realizes that now he did not enjoy the gang life, wanted to marry which points out that he has grown up. Consequently, the present article criticizes the psychological perspective that forces individuals who have antisocial personality disorder to choose good manners automatically like a machine without of their freewill.

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