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Yıl:2001; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2001;12(4):301-308
Valproatın kadın üreme endokrinolojisi üzerine etkileri
F Akdeniz
Ege Ü. Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri ABD, İzmir
Son yıllarda nörolojik kaynaklardan uzun süreli valproat sağaltımının adet düzensizliği, hiperandrojenizm ve polikistik over sendromu gibi üreme işlev bozuklukları ve insülin direnci ve/veya obesite gibi metabolik bozuklukların riskini artırdığı ileri sürülmektedir. Özellikle de 20 yaşından önce valproat sağaltımı başlananlarda polikistik over ya da hiperandojenizm görülme sıklığı %80’lere varmaktadır. Genel kadın popülasyonunda polikistik over sendromu görülme sıklığı %3-4 ile %18-19 arasındadır. Özellikle temporal lob kökenli kompleks parsiyel nöbetleri olan epilepsi tanılı kadın hastalarda üreme işlev bozuklukları sık görülmesine rağmen, valproata maruz kalan kadın hastalarda hiperandrojenizm ve polikistik overlere daha sık rastlanmaktadır. İki uçlu duygudurum bozukluğu ve diğer ruhsal bozuklukların sağaltımında valproat kullanımı yaygınlaşmasına rağmen psikiyatri kaynaklarında valproat kullanımı ile ilişkili üreme endokrinolojisi bozuklukları üzerinde durulmamaktadır. Klinik olarak hiperandrojenizm ve polikistik over sendromu infertilite, osteoporoz, diabetes mellitus, kardiyovasküler komplikasyonlar ve endometriyal kanser gibi ciddi sağlık sorunları ile ilişkilidir. İki uçlu duygudurum bozukluğu tanılı kadın hastalarda uzun süreli valproat kullanımı ile hiperandrojenizm ve polikistik over sendromu arasındaki olası ilişkinin aydınlatılması gerekir. Konu ile ilgili bilgiler artıncaya kadar olası yan etki riskleri nedeniyle valproat kullanan kadın hastalarda uygun önlemler alınmalıdır.
The effects of valproate on female reproductive endocrine function
Recently, the findings from the neurology literature suggest that long-term antiepileptic treatment with valproate increases the risk of reproductive endocrine disorders (such as menstrual disturbances, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries) and metabolic disorders (such as insulin resistance and/or obesity). In particular, when the valproate treatment started before the age of 20 [year]s, the rates of polycystic ovaries or hyperandrogenism were as high as 80 percent. In the general female population, the prevalence of polycystic ovaries ranges from as low as 3 to 4% to as high as 18 to 19%. Even though reproductive endocrine disorders are common among women with epilepsy, especially with complex partial epilepsy of temporal lobe origin, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries are more common among women exposed to valproate. The use of valproate in the treatment of bipolar disorder and other psychiatric disorders appears to be increasing rapidly. Surprisingly, the relation between valproate treatment and reproductive endocrine disorders has been ignored in the psychiatric literature. Clinically, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary syndrome are linked to serious health problems, including infertility, osteoporosis, cardiovascular complications, diabetes mellitus, and endometrial cancer. There is a need for further research to elucidate the possible relationships between long-term administration of valproate and the risk of hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary syndrome in women with bipolar disorder. Until more data on the issue is collected clinicians need to be alert to the possibility of these side effects in female patients and take appropriate clinical precautions in the management of women taking valproate.

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