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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2016;9(4):23-32
Deliryum Tanı ve Tedavisi
İ Kırpınar
Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Deliryum, yaşlı hastalarda sık görülen, ciddi fakat önlenebilir bir mental bozukluktur. Özellikle dikkat ve farkındalık olmak üzere bilişsel işlevlerde kısa zamanda ortaya çıkan ve dalgalanma gösteren değişiklikler, deliryumun ana klinik özellikleridir. Bilişsel bozulmalara çok sayıda psikolojik ve davranışsal belirti eşlik eder. Sendrom, sadece belirtilerinin ciidiyeti yüzünden değil, aynı zamanda altta yatan ve beyin işlevlerini bozmaya yetecek kadar ciddi etyolojik faktörlere işaret ettiği için de önemlidir. Klinik görünüm birçok başka psikiyatrik bozuklukla karıştırılabilir. Demans, özellikle esas risk faktörüdür ve en sık konan yanlış tanıdır. Deliryum tedavisi, altta yatan nedenlerin tedavisini gerektirir. Bazı olgularda geçici veya semptomatik tedaviler, hastanın rahatlaması veya daha iyi hasta yönetimi için kullanılabilir. Deliryumun rahatsız edici belirtileri bazen haloperidol ve atipikler olmak üzere antipsikotiklerle tedavi edilebilir.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Delirium
Delirium is a common, serious but preventable mental disorder in elderly patients. Recent onset of fluctuating changes in cognitive functions primarily of attention and awareness are the main clinical features of delirium. Several psychological and behavioural symptoms accompany with cognitive impairments. The syndrome is important not solely because of severity of its symptoms but also as it signals the underlying etiological factors which is severe enough to impair brain functions. Clinical picture can be confused with several other psychiatric disorders. Dementia particularly is the main risk factor and most commonly mistaken diagnosis. Treatment of delirium requires treatment of the underlying causes. In some cases, temporary or symptomatic treatments are used to comfort patients or to allow better patient management. Distressing symptoms of delirium are sometimes treated with antipsychotics, preferably those with haloperidol or atypicals.

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