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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 27; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2016;27(4):286-289
Panik Bozukluğunda Güvenlik Sağlama Davranışlarının Medikal Sonuçları: Polidipsi ve Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus
E Kurt, Ö Karabaş, N Yorguner, A Wurz, V Topçuoğlu
Medicana International İstanbul Hastanesi, İstanbul
Panik bozukluğu, bilişsel kurama göre aslında tehlikesiz bir uyaranın ‘felaketleştirici’ şekilde yorumlanmasıyla ortaya çıkan tekrarlayan panik ataklarının görüldüğü bir anksiyete bozukluğudur. Panik atağı sırasında kişi tehlikeli saydığı bu durumdan kurtulmak ya da karşılaşmayı engellemek için işlevsel olmayan tutum ve davranışlar sergilemektedir. İşlevsel olmayan tutum ve davranışlar kaçma, kaçınma ve güvenlik sağlama davranışlarıdır (GSD). Bilişsel davranışçı terapi modeline göre, GSD’nin gerçekçi olmayan inanışları sürdürücü etkisi vardır. Panik bozukluğunda işlevsel olmayan tutum ve davranışlar hastalığı sürdürücü etki göstermenin yanında hastaların yaşamını olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Bu yazıda birincil tanısı panik bozukluğu olan, GSD’nin bir sonucu olarak psikojenik polidipsi (PP) ve tip 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) gelişen bir olgu sunulmuştur. Literatürde panik bozukluğunda GSD sonucunda PP ve DM gelişen bir olguya rastlanmamıştır. Major depresyonun Tip 2 DM açısından risk oluşturduğu kabul edilirken panik bozukluğunda da riskin artabileceği bildirilmektedir. Bu olguda panik bozukluğun bilişsel davranışçı terapi ile tedavisi sonucunda PP ve Tip 2 DM’nin düzeldiği görülmüştür. Psikiyatrik bozukluklarla birlikte görülen tıbbi hastalıkların gelişiminde GSD’nin rolü olabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.
Deleterious Results of Safety Seeking Behaviours in Panic Disorder: Polydipsia and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder that involves recurrent panic attacks, which emerge when a harmless stimulus is interpreted as “catastrophic”. In an attempt to avoid the panic attack or prevent confrontation, the patient exhibits a dysfunctional attitude and behavior, such as evasion and safety-seeking behavior (SSB). Dysfunctional behavior leads to an increase in the recurrence of panic attacks and affects the patient’s life in a negative way. According to the cognitive behavioral therapy model, SSB contributes to the continuation of unrealistic beliefs (e.g. physical experiences) regarding and prevents the patient from grasping new information that may potentially contradict the unrealistic cognitions. In this paper, we present a case with a primary diagnosis of panic disorder. Interestingly, this patient developed diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 and psychogenic polydipsia (PPD) as a consequence of his SSB. PPD is a common occurrence in patients with psychiatric disorders, especially in schizophrenia. Up to now, no case of a panic disorder with either DM or PPD has been reported in the literature. While it is accepted that major depression poses a risk for DM type 2, panic disorder may also increase this risk. Treatment of the panic disorder with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) resulted in improvement of PPD and DM type 2. In conclusion, the role of SSB in medical disorders accompanied by psychiatric disorders should be kept in mind when treating these patients.

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