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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 54; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2016;54(2):21-24
Yaşlıların Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri İle Bilişsel Durumları Arasındaki İlişki
N Lök, S Lök
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya
Amaç: Yaşlı bireyler tarafından yapılan egzersizler düzenli ve ritmik oldukça bilişsel fonksiyonların korunması ve sürdürülmesi de o derece artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yaşlıların bilişsel durumları ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ilişkisel desendedir. Araştırmanın evrenini, bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezine kayıtlı 65 yaş üstü 1354 birey oluşturmuş olup, örneklem 251 yaşlı birey olarak hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında; sosyodemografik bilgi formu, “Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi” ve “Standardize Mini Mental Test (SMMT)” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın demografik verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde sayı ve yüzde dağılımları, Ki-kare testi ve korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin % 52.5’i kadın, % 41.3’ü 70-74 yaş grubunda, % 55.7’si evli ve % 64.9’u ilkokul/ortaokul mezunudur. Bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri incelendiğinde, % 62.2’sinin inaktif, % 32.5’inin minimal aktif ve % 5.3’ünün ise çok aktif olduğu bulunmuştur. Bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri yönünden sosyodemografik özellikleri karşılaştırıldığında, kadınların % 33’ünün erkeklerin % 29’unun inaktif olduğu ve bu farkın ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu bulunmuştur. Bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile bilişsel durumları arasındaki ilişki değerlendirildiğinde pozitif yönde güçlü bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur (r=0.794, p<0.005). Sonuçlar: Bireylerde cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu, sağlık algısı, sigara ve alkol kullanımı ve beden kitle indeksi gibi değişkenlerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyini etkilediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile bilişsel durum arasında doğrudan güçlü bir ilişkinin olduğu ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyi düştükçe bilişsel fonksiyonlarında düşük olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
The Relationship between the Physical Activity Levels and Cognitive Status of the Elders
Objective: It is more likely for the elderly to maintain their cognitive functions when they have regular and rhythmical exercise patterns. Therefore, this study investigated relationship between physical activity and cognitive status in the elderly. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study. The study population included a total of 1354 over-65 subjects cared for by a Family Health Center. Using sampling method, the sample size was estimated as 251 elderly individuals. Data collected were the sociodemographic information, “International Physical Activity Questionnaire” and “the Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)”. The demographic data in this study were analyzed using the chi-square test and correlation analysis. Results: Among the participants, 52.5% were female, 41.3% were in the 70-74 age group, 55.7% were married and 64.9% were primary/secondary school graduates. In terms of their physical activity levels, 62.2% of the participants were inactive, 32.5% had low activity, and 5.3% had high activity. A comparison of the participants’ socio-demographic characteristics in terms of their physical activity levels showed that 33% of the female against 29% of the male were inactive and this diffe- rence was statistically significant. There was a positive and strong relationship between the subjects’ physical activity levels and cognitive status (r=0.794, p<0.005). Conclusion: The study found that variables such as gender, age, education level, health percep- tion, smoking and alcohol consumption, and body mass index affected the level of physical activity in individuals. In addition, physical activity level has been reached between the cognitive status is di- rectly related to a powerful and physical activity level decreases to the conclusion that low cognitive function.

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