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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 19; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2016;19(4):176-184
Cerrahi ve dahili branş hekimlerinde tükenmişlik düzeyini etkileyen değişkenler ve tükenmişliğin işe bağlılık ve örgütsel bağlılık ile ilişkisi
R Algül, D Yılmaz, Ü Özer, B Kaya
Acıbadem Üniversites, İstanbul
GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Tükenmişlik; iş stresinin kişide fiziksel, zihinsel ve duygusal bitkinlik yaratması, kişinin mesleğinden uzaklaşması, işine, birlikte çalıştığı kişilere, hatta kendisine yönelik olumsuz duygular beslemeye başlaması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Yazında, tükenmişliğin hem çalışanlar, hem hizmet verilen kişiler, hem de kurumlar açısından ciddi sonuçlar doğurabileceğinin altı çizilmiştir. İşten ayrılma, işe gitmeme, moral bozukluğu, üretkenliğin ve verimliliğin düşmesi gibi durumlara neden olabileceği gibi fiziksel tükenme, yorgunluk, psikosomatik bozukluklar, depresyon, anksiyete, uykusuzluk, eş ve aile ile sorunlar, alkol ve psikoaktif madde kullanımı gibi daha ciddi durumların ortaya çıkmasında da etkili olabildiği bildirilmiştir. Tükenmişliğin özellikle “insanlarla çalışan” mesleklerde ortaya çıktığı vurgulamaktadır. Hekimlik mesleği de tükenmişlik açısından en fazla risk oluşturan meslekler arasında sayılmaktadır. Çalışmamızda cerrahi ve dahili branş hekimlerinin tükenmişlik düzeyini etkileyen değişkenleri karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemek ve tükenmişlikle işe bağlılık ve örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Kesitsel araştırma olarak planlanan çalışmaya özel bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan 82 hekim dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik ve mesleki veri formu, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği, Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği ve İşe Bağlılık Ölçeği doldurtulmuştur. BULGULAR: Formları tam doldurmamış olan 3 kişi çalışma dışında bırakılarak 79 kişinin verileri değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Katılımcılardan 40’ı (%50.6) dahili, 39’u (%49.4) cerrahi branşlarda çalışmakta olup branşlar arasında sosyodemografik özellikler ve ölçek puanları açısından fark saptanmadı. Cinsiyet ve çocuk sahibi olma ölçek puanlarını etkileyen sosyodemografik özellikler, gelir düzeyi ve meslekte çalışma süresi ölçek puanlarını etkileyen mesleki özellikler arasındaydı. Korelasyon analizlerinde her üç ölçek ve alt ölçekleri arasında pozitif ve negatif yönde ilişkiler saptandı. TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Bulgularımız dahili ve cerrahi branş hekimleri arasında tükenmişlik açısından anlamlı fark bulunmadığını; cinsiyet, çocuk sahibi olma, gelir düzeyi ve meslekte çalışma süresinin ise tükenmişlik düzeyini etkilediğini göstermektedir. Örgütsel bağlılık ve işe bağlılık da tükenmişlik düzeyini etkileyen değişkenler arasındadır ve dolayısıyla bu iki önemli alanda iyileşmeye yönelik yapılacak çalışmalar hekimlerin tükenmişlik düzeyini azaltmaya da katkı sağlayacaktır.
Variables affecting burnout levels among medical doctors working in internaland surgical branches and the relationship of burnout with workengagement and organizational commitment
Objective: Burnout has been especially reported in individuals who do "people-work" and medicine is consi dered among professions that carry a higher risk of burnout. The aims of this study are to investigate variables affecting burnout levels among medical doctors working in internal and surgical branches, and examine the relationship of burnout with work engagement and organizational commitment. Method: Eighty-two medical doctors, working in a private university hospital, were included in the study which was designed as crosssectional. Sociodemographic and professional data forms, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Organizational Commitment Scale and Work Engagement Scale were completed. Results: Three participants who did not fully complete study forms were exluded, and the data of 79 people were evaluated. Among participants, 40 (50.6%) people were working in internal and 39 (49.4%) people in surgical branches. There was no difference between branches, in sociodemographic features and scale scores. Gender and having children were sociodemographic features; income and duration of employment were professional features affecting scale scores. Positive and negative relationships between three scales and their subscales were detected in correlation analyses. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that there is no diffe rence between medical doctors working in internal and surgical branches in burnout; but gender, having child ren, income and duration of employment may affect burnout level. Organizational commitment and work engagement are among variables affecting burnout level, therefore efforts which will be spent for amelioration in these fields may provide benefit in the reduction of medical doctors' burnout.

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