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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 53; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2016;53(3):213-221
Dirençli Lezyonlu Paryetal Lob Epilepsisi: Klinik, Elektroensefalografik ve Nörogörüntüleme Bulguları
O Kurşun, H Karataş, N Dericioğlu, S Saygı
Ankara Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Ankara
Amaç: Tedaviye dirençli epilepsilere yaklaşım ve cerrahi tedavi konularında özelleşmiş merkezler lokalizasyonla ilişkili epilepsilerin ayırıcı tanısının yapılmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Son yıllarda temporal ve frontal lob epileptik sendromlarına olan ilgi artarken paryetal ve oksipital lob epilepsilerine olan ilgi daha azdır. Yöntem: Burada tedaviye dirençli 46 lezyonlu paryetal lob epilepsi hastasının klinik, elektroensefalografik ve nörogörüntüleme karakteristikleri sunulmuştur, hastalar 1-10 yıl takip edilmiştir. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada hastaların %78,3’ünde aura semptomları vardı, bunlar duyusal semptomlar (%72,2), baş ağrısı (%36,1), bulantı ve kusma (%36,1), psişik semptomlar (%36,1) ve görsel semptomlar (%16,6) şeklindeydi. En sık rastlanan iktal davranışlar paresteziler (%69,6) ve fokal klonik aktiviteydi (%39,1). Tonik postür, çeşitli otomatizmalar, baş deviasyonu, boş bakma, ağrı hissi ve konuşma bozuklukları azalan oranlarda saptandı. Basit parsiyel nöbetler %69,6, kompleks parsiyel nöbetler %43,5 ve sekonder jeneralize tonik klonik nöbetler %58,7 oranında saptandı. Hastaların üçte birinde interiktal rutin EEG anormal zemin aktivitesi gösterdi. Lokalize olmayan epileptiform bozukluklar %34,8 hastada görüldü. Hastaların öngörülen etyolojileri azalan sırayla olmak üzere şu şekildeydi: posttravmatik ensefalomalazi, inme, tümör, kortikal gelişimsel malformasyon, atrofi ve arteriyovenöz malformasyon. Sonuç: Lezyonlu semptomatik parsiyel epilepsi hastalarının klinik, elektroensefalografik ve nörogörüntüleme özelliklerini iyi tanımak, kriptojenik parsiyel epilepsi hastalarında nöbet odağının paryetal loba ne zaman lokalize edilmesi gerektiği konusunda yol gösterici olabilir. Böylece epilepsi cerrahisi öncesinde paryetal lobun intrakraniyal elektrotlar gibi daha invaziv tekniklerle hangi durumlarda örnekleneceğine karar verilebilir.
Refractory Lesional Parietal Lobe Epilepsy: Clinical, Electroencephalographic and Neurodiagnostic Findings
Introduction: Specialized centers, in the management and surgical treatment of medically refractory epilepsy, emphasize the importance of differentiating the varieties of localization related epilepsies. There has been considerable recent interest in temporal and frontal lobe epileptic syndromes and less attention has been paid to parietal and occipital lobe epilepsies. Methods: Here we report the clinical, electroencephalographic and neuroimaging characteristics of 46 patients with medically refractory lesional parietal lobe epilepsy who have been followed up for 1-10 years. Results: In this study auras were reported in 78.3% of the patients and included sensory symptoms (72.2%), headache (36.1%), nausea and vomiting (36.1%), psychic symptoms (36.1%) and visual symptoms (16.6%). The most common ictal behavioral changes were paresthesia (69.6%) and focal clonic activity (39.1%). Tonic posture, various automatisms, head deviation, staring, sensation of pain and speech disturbances occurred to a lesser extent. Simple partial seizures were present in 69.6%. Complex partial seizures occurred in 43.5% and secondary generalized tonic clonic seizures were reported in 58.7% of the patients. Interictal routine EEG disclosed abnormal background activity in 1/3 of the patients. Nonlocalising epileptiform abnormalities were found in 34.8% of the patients. EEG findings were normal in 34.8% of the patients. The most common presumed etiologic factors were as follows: posttraumatic encephalomalacia, stroke, tumor, malformation of cortical development, atrophy, and arteriovenous malformation. Conclusion: Clinical, electrophysiological and neuroimaging features of the lesional symptomatic partial epilepsy patients may help us to localize the seizure focus in some patients with cryptogenic partial epilepsy. So that, the timing decision of the parietal lobe sampling with more invasive techniques like intracranial electrodes prior to epilepsy surgery would be easier.

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