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Yıl:2003; Cilt: 14; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2003;14(2):134-144
Akut ajitasyon sağaltımında benzodiazepinlerin, tipik ve atipik antipsikotiklerin yeri: Bulguların gözden geçirilmesi
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Dokuz Eylül Ü. Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri ABD, İzmir
Akut ajitasyon hemen tüm psikiyatrik hastalıklarda görülebilmesine karşın, hem dünyada hem de ülkemizde şaşırtıcı derecede az oranda klinik ilgi odağı olmuştur. Bunun sonucu olarak da, bu klinik durumun sağaltımına ilişkin, standart bir yaklaşım henüz geliştirilememiştir. Bu çalışmada, bu konuda yapılan çalışmaları iki ayrı sistematik gözden geçirme ile biraraya toplayıp, bulguları standardize ederek özetledik. Birinci gruptaki çalışmaları kapsayan sistematik gözden geçirmede, akut ajitasyon tedavisinde, klasik antipsikotikleri, benzodiazepinlerle ve/veya bu ilaçların kombine kullanımı ile karşılaştıran çalışmaları belirledik. Bu gözden geçirmede, dahil etme kriterlerimizi karşılayan toplam 11 çalışma saptadık. Bu gözden geçirmenin bulguları, haloperidol gibi klasik bir antipsikotik ile, lorazepam gibi bir benzodiazepinin kombine kullanımı ile elde edilen antiajitasyon etkinin, bu ilaçların tek tek kullanımı ile elde edilen etkiden üstün olduğunu gösterdi. Ayrıca bu yaklaşım, yan etki açısından da daha üstündü. İkinci gruptaki çalışmaları kapsayan sistematik gözden geçirmede ise, yine akut ajitasyon tedavisinde atipik antipsikotikleri, klasik antpsikotikler ile, ve/veya benzodiazepinlerle, ve/veya plasebo ile karşılaştıran çalışmaları belirledik. Bu gözden geçirmede 5 çalışma saptadık. Bulgular, atipik antipsikotiklerin, en az klasik antipsikotikler kadar etkin olduğunu gösteriyordu. Son olarak, atipik antipsikotikler arasında, risperidon, olanzapin ve ziprasidon akut antiajitasyon tedavide kullanılmak üzere en uygun adaylar olarak tartışıldı.
Benzodiazepines, typical and atypical antipsychotics in the management of acute agitation: a review
Given the diversity of clinical entities from which agitation may arise, it is not surprising that it is among the most commonly encountered clinical problems in psychiatric facilities and hospital emergency services. However, quite surprisingly this area has received very little attention and has not been studied in clinical trials until recently. Thus, tremendous variability exists in approaches to agitation. In this work, we review what is known about the pharmacologic management of agitation; first, by examining published studies comparing conventional antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and/or a combination of both to achieve calm in acutely agitated psychiatric patients; and second, by reviewing available data on the use of atypical antipsychotic medications for the acute treatment of agitation associated with psychiatric illness.

In our first review, we identified 11 trials meeting our inclusion criteria, 8 with a blind design. These studies taken together suggest that combination treatment may be superior to either agent alone, with higher improvement rates and lower incidence of extrapyramidal side effects. In our review of atypical antipsychotic agents as acute antiagitation compounds, we identified 5 studies, 3 with a blind design. This review found atypical antipsychotics to be as effective as the classical ones and more advantageous. Based on the data available to date, among the present novel antipsychotic agents, ziprasidone, risperidone, and olanzapine seem to be the best acute antiagitation compounds.

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