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Yıl:1999; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Psikiyatri Psikoloji Psikofarmakoloji (3P) Dergisi; 1999;7(2):106-115
Çalışma koşulu türünün farklı bellek ölçümleri üzerindeki etkileri
BT Cangöz
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, bellek ölçümleri arasındaki ayrımları deneysel olarak göstermektir. Bu doğrultuda, çalışma koşulu türü değişkenin (sadece okuma, fiziksel ipucuyla okuma, anlamsal ipucuyla okuma, fiziksel ipucundan üretme, anlamsal ipucundan üretme, kontrol) dört farklı bellek ölçümüne (fiziksel ipucuyla hatırlama, anlamsal ipucuyla hatırlama, kelime parçası tamamlama, genel bilgi sorusu cevaplama) ilişkin puanlar üzerindeki etkisi test edilmektedir. Yöntem: Araştırmaya Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi öğrencilerinden toplam 240 denek (120 kız, 120 erkek) katılmıştır. Denekler çalışma ve test aşamalarına bireysel olarak tabi tutulmuş ve sözel malzeme (kelime çiftleri) ile bellek görevlerinin sunumunda Kodak Carousel S-AV 1000 marka slayt makinası kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın tamamında, birbirleriyle değişik derecelerde eşleşen toplam 94 tane kelime çifti kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde dört farklı tekyönlü varyans analizi ve Tukey testi kullanılmıştır. İstatistik analiz sonuçları çalışma koşulu türünün dört farklı bellek ölçümü üzerindeki temel etkisinin anlamlı düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir. Tukey testi sonuçlarına göre, fiziksel ipucuyla hatırlama puanlan fiziksel ipucundan üretme koşulu altında fiziksel ipucuyla okuma ve sadece okuma koşulundakinden daha yüksektir. Anlamsal ipucuyla hatırlama puanları anlamsal ipucundan üretme koşulunda diğer bütün koşullardakinden daha yüksektir. Genel bilgi sorusu cevaplama puanları anlamsal ipucundan üretme, anlamsal ipucuyla okuma, fiziksel ipucundan üretme, fiziksel ipucuyla okuma koşulları altında sadece okuma koşulundakinden daha yüksektir. Kelime parçası tamamlama puanları anlamsal ipucundan üretme, fiziksel ipucundan üretme, anlamsal ipucuyla okuma, fiziksel ipucuyla okuma, sadece okuma koşulları altında kontrol koşullarındakinden daha yüksektir. Tartışma: Bulgular, episodikve semantik bellek ayrımının farklı bilgi eşleme türlerini değişik derecelerde içerdiğini göstermiştir.
Effects study condition type on different memory measurements
Objective: The main purpose of this research is to show the differences among memory measurements experimentally. For this purpose, effects of the type of study condition variable (only reading, reading with physical cue, control) on the scores of four different memory measurements (recall with physical cue, recall with seman-tic cue, word fragment completion, answer to general knowledge) were tested. Method: A total of 240 subjects (120 male, 120 female) who were student at Hacettepe University Faculty of Letters, participated in the research. Each subject, underwent study and test stages of the research individually and a projector of Kodak Carousel S-AV 100 was used for presentation of the verbal materials (word pairs) and the memory tasks. A total of 94 word pairs have been used in this research. Results: According to findings, recall with physical cue scores obtained under the condition of generate from physical cue was higher than reading with physical cue and only reading. Recall with semantic cue scores obtained under the condition of generate from semantic cue was higher than those obtained under the other condition. Answer to general knowledge questions scores generate from semantic cue, reading with semantic cue, generate from physical cue, reading with physical cue were higher than only reading. Word fragment completion scores obtained under the condition of generate from semantic cue, generate from physical cue, reading with semantic cue, reading with physical cue, only reading were higher than control condition. Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that episodic and semantic memory distinction involves different processing levels at differing degrees.

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