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Yıl:1999; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Psikiyatri Psikoloji Psikofarmakoloji (3P) Dergisi; 1999;7(1):23-32
Şizofreni ve bipolar bozukluk tanısı konan hastalar ile ailelerinde aile işlevleri üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma
L Gülseren, S Coşkun, Ş Gülseren, S Kültür
Atatürk Eğitim Hastanesi, İzmir
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, şizofreni ve bipolar bozukluk tanısı konmuş hastalarla ailelerini Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği'ni (ADÖ) kullanarak aile işlevleri yönünden karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya DSM-IV ölçütlerine göre şizofreni tanısı konan 15 hasta ve bipolar bozukluk tanısı konan 15 hasta ve bu hastaların aile üyelerinden oluşan toplam 93 kişi alındı. Hasta ve aile üyeleriyle görüşülerek ADÖ uygulandı. Bulgular: Her iki aile grubu da "gereken ilgiyi gösterme " boyutunda sağlıksız olarak değerlendirildi. Aileler ADÖ puan ortalamalarına göre karşılaştırıldığında, "problem çözme" alanında şizofreni aileleri (u=42.5, p=.003), hasta grupları arasında bir karşılaştırma yapıldığında ise "problem çözme" (u=54.5, p=.03) ve "roller" (u=65, p=.04) alanlarında şizofreni grubu daha sağlıklı bulundular. Bipolar grubunda hastalar işlevleri ailelerine paralel biçimde değerlendirdiler. Şizofreni grubunda ise hastalarla aileleri arasında işlevleri değerlendirme açısından bir uyumsuzluk olduğu saptandı. Klinik özellikler açısından en önemli bulgu, şizofreni grubunda hastaneye yatış sayısı arttıkça ailenin "davranış kontrolü" alanında sağlıklılığa doğru gidişin bulunmasıydı (r=-.56,p=.02). Her iki grupta da alt gelir düzeyinde olanlarda aile işlevleri bozuktu. Bipolar grubunda ailedeki üye sayısı arttıkça işlevlerin bozulduğu saptandı. Tartışma: Bulgular, şizofreni grubunda aile işlevlerinin genel olarak daha iyi olduğunu, bazı alanlarda iki grup arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunduğunu ortaya koydu.
A comparative study on family functions in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and their families
Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and their families in terms of family functions by using Family Assessment Device (FAD). Method: Ninety-three subjects consisting of 15 patients diagnosed as schizophrenia and 15 patients as bipolar disorder according to DSM-IV, and their family members were invited to the study. FAD was applied to the patients and their family members with an interview. Results: Both of the family groups were assessed to be unhealthy in the "affective involvement" dimension. When the families were compared according to their means of FAD scores, families of schizophrenia in "problem solving" (u=42.5, p=.003), and when the patients were compared, schizophrenia group in "problem solving" (u=54.5, p=.03) and "roles" (u~65, p=.04) were found to be healthier. In bipolar group, the functions of the patients andfamily members were assessed to be parallel. However, in schizophrenia group, there was a discordance between the patients and their family members in terms of the assessment of the functions. The most important result in terms of clinical features was that in schizophrenia group, as the number of hospitalization increases, the family becomes healthier in the "behavior control" dimension (r=-.56, p=.02). The family functions were unhealthy in those from the low socioeconomic level of both of the groups. In bipolar disorder group, as the number of the family members increases, the functions become unhealthier. Conclusion: The results pointed out that the family functions generally were better in the schizophrenia group, and there are significant differences in some dimensions between the two groups.

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