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Yıl:1998; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Psikiyatri Psikoloji Psikofarmakoloji (3P) Dergisi; 1998;6(3):185-195
Tedavi arama davranışını etkileyen sosyokültürel faktörlerin araştırılması
H Mırsal, A Gürdal
Anatolia Tedavi Polikliniği, İstanbul
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, somatik yakınmalarla psikiyatri dışı polikliniklere başvuran ve fiziksel bir hastalık saptanamayıp psikiyatri polikliniğine gönderilen hastaların bu davranışlarını etkileyen sosyokültürel faktörlerin araştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: 1994 yılında psikiyatri dışı poliklinikler tarafından gerekli muayene ve incelemeler yapıldıktan sonra hiçbir fiziksel hastalık saptanamayıp psikiyatri polikliniğine gönderilen 200 hasta sosyodemografık özellikler, psikiyatrik hastalığa karşı tutum, yakınmalar ve ICD 10 tanıları açısından yarı yapılaştırılmış bir görüşme formu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Kontrol grubu olarak doğrudan psikiyatri polikliğine başvuran 200 hasta alınmıştır. Bulgular: Kırsal kesimde ikamet etme (p<0.05), kırsal az gelişmiş bölgelerden göç etme (p<0.01) ve ICD 10 tanıları (p<0.001) açısından iki grup arasında anlamlı istatistiki farklılık vardır. Hastaların eğitim durumları (okuma yazma yok, ilkokul, orta öğrenim, yüksekokul) değerlendirildiğinde; iki grup arasında istatistiki farklılık bulunmamakta (p>0.05) birlikte, okuma yazma bilmeyen ve ilkokul mezunu hastaların psikiyatri dışı polikliniklerden gönderilen grupta yoğunluk kazandığı gözlenmektedir. Tartışma: Kırsal kesimde ikamet, kırsal az gelişmiş bölgelerden göç ve düşük eğitim düzeyi doğrudan psikiyatrik tedavi talep etmeyi olumsuz olarak etkilemektedir. Psikiyatri dışı poliklinikler tarafından gönderilen hastaların somatoform- konversiyon bozukluğu tanı alt gruplarında yoğunlaşması bu hastaların "somatizasyonu" temel bir savunma mekanizması olarak kullandıklarını düşündürmektedir.
A research on the sociocultural factors affecting treatment seeking behaviour
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the sociocultural factors which may lead patients with somatic complaints to admit to non-psychiatric outpatient clinics instead of to psychiatric outpatient clinics. All of these patients were referred by non-psychiatric outpatient clinics after appropriate diagnostic procedures were followed and none of the patients had any physical disorders that can explain their somatic complaints. Method: Two-hundred patients who had been refferred to our psychiatric outpatient clinics by non-psychiatric outpatient clinics in 1994 were evaluated by semi-structured clinical interview from to investigate the sociodemographic features, attitudes toward psychiatric illnesses, complaints, and the ICD 10 diagnoses. Two-hundred patients who admitted directly to our psychiatric outpatient clinics were taken as the control group. Results: Rural residence (p<0.05), migration from rural underdeveloped areas (p<0.01) and ICD 10 diagnoses (p<0.01) had significant differences between the two groups. When the level of education is concerned (none, Primaryschool, secondery-highschool, university), although no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups, it can be suggested that illiterate andprimary school graduate patients tend to admit to non-psychiatric outpatient clinics more than to the psychiatric outpatient clinics. Conclusion: Rural residence, migration from rural underdeveloped areas and low educational level directly affect psychiatric treatment seeking behavior. The higher incidence of somatoform-conversion disorder among the patients referred by non-psychiatric outpatient clinics suggests that these patients use "somatization " as the primary defense mechanism.

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