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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 53; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2016;53(2):130-135
Aile Desteği ya da Denetimli Serbestlik Kararı Sonucu Tedavi Merkezine Başvuran Madde Kullanım Bozukluğu Olan Ergenlerin Klinik, Sosyodemografik Farklılıklarının Belirlenmesi ve Denetimli Serbestlik Olgularında Ayıklığı…
Z Yüncü, R Aydın, C Aydın, B Özbaran, S Köse
Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın iki amacı vardır. Bu çalışmanın ilk amacı, aile desteği ya da denetimli serbestlik kararı sonucu tedavi merkezine başvuran madde kullanım bozukluğu olan ergenlerin bazı temel klinik ve sosyodemografik farklılıklarının belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışmanın diğer amacı ise denetimli serbestlik tedavi sürecini başarı ile tamamlayan ergenlerde ayıklığı sağlamada öngörücü faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Yöntemler: Bu çalışmanın evreni 2005-2013 yılları arasında bir ergen madde bağımlılığı merkezine, aile desteği ile gelen ya da denetimli serbestlik bürosunca yönlendirilen 19 yaşından küçük olgulardan oluşmaktadır. Bu iki grup yaş, maddeyi ilk deneme yaşı, tedaviye başvurma yaşı, cinsiyet, kullandıkları maddeler, eğitim süresi, çalışma öyküsü, sokak yaşantısı gibi sosyodemografik özellikler açısından incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz için SPSS 18.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Tedavi merkezine aile desteği ile gelen olgularda eğitim süresinin denetimli serbestlik (DS) olgularına göre daha uzun olduğu (p<0,0001), önceden tedavi olma, annenin sağ olma ve sokak yaşantısı öyküsünün olma oranı daha sık olduğu (sırasıyla p değerleri: <0,0001; =0,010; =0,027; <0,0001), çalışma öyküsünün ise DS olgularında yüksek olduğu saptandı (p<0,0001). Madde tercihleri açısından, aile desteği ile gelenlerde ekstazi, alkol, inhalan ve uçucu madde kullanımının daha sık olduğu saptandı (sırasıyla p=0,018; 0,001; <0,0001). Buna karşın esrar kullanımı DS olgularında daha sık olarak bulundu (p<0,0001). Tedavi sürecini başarılı tamamlayan DS olgularının, ebeveynlerinin evli olma oranının daha yüksek olduğu (p=0,008) ve eğitim sürelerinin daha uzun olduğu (p=0,004) belirlendi. Tamamlanmış eğitim süresi fazla ise, çoğul madde kullanımı yoksa ve alkol kullanma öyküsü yoksa denetimli serbestlik tedavi sürecinin başarıyla tamamlanabileceği tahmin edilebilir (R2=0,176; p<0,0001). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada değerlendirmeye alınan olguların tedaviyi tamamlama oranı erişkinlik dönemine göre daha yüksektir. Yapılan çalışmalarda, DS sisteminde tedavinin etkililiğine ilişkin sonuçlar tutarsızdır. Bu tutarsızlık tedavi sürecinde, yasal zorunluluktan başka sosyoekonomik faktörler gibi farklı şartlara sahip olunmasından kaynaklanabilir.
Determination of Clinical and Socio-demographical Differences of Adolescents Applying to a Treatment Center with Family Encouragement or the Decision of the Probation Office and Determination of Predictive Factors in Maintaining Soberness among Probation Cases
Introduction: This study has two objectives. The first objective of this study was the determination of some basic clinical and sociodemographical differences among the adolescents with substance abuse who apply to a treatment center with support from their family or by order of the probation office. The other objective of this study was the determination of the predictive factors in maintaining soberness among adolescents who successfully complete the probation treatment process. Methods: The target population of this study is young adults under 19 years of age who apply to a substance addiction center for adolescents as a result of encouragement from their family or ordered by the Probation Office between 2005 and 2013. These two groups were analyzed in terms of socio-demographical characteristics such as age, the age at which they tried the substance, the age at which they applied to the treatment center, sex, substances they used, education period, employment history, and street life experience. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 18.0 software was used for the statistical analysis. Results: It was detected that among the cases who applied to the treatment center with family support, their education period was longer than probation (PR) cases (p<0.0001), and the rates of previous treatment, their mother being alive, and having street life experiences were more frequent (p values: <0.0001; =0.010; =0.027; <0.0001, respectively) and employment history was higher among PR cases (p<0.0001). In terms of the substances used, ecstasy, alcohol, inhalants, and volatile substances are more common among those applying with family support (p=0.018; 0.001; <0.0001, respectively). However, use of cannabis was found to be more common among PR cases (p<0.0001). It was found that PR cases who successfully completed their treatment process had married parents (p=0.008) and had more years of education (p=0.004). It can be predicted that if the subject is well educated and does not use multiple substances or have an alcohol history, the treatment process for PR cases can be successfully completed. (R2 =0.176; p<0.0001). Conclusion: The rates of completing the treatment among cases analyzed in this study were higher than those among cases from adults. In the studies conducted, the results of the treatment efficiency among PR cases were inconsistent. This inconsistency may result from, except for legal obligations, having different circumstances such as socio-economic factors during the treatment period.

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