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Yıl:2004; Cilt: 15; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2004;15(3):199-208
Menopoz öncesi ve sonrası dönemde depresyon-anksiyete ve yetiyitimi
İ Bezircioğlu, L Gülseren, A Öniz
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, menopoz öncesi ve menopoz sonrası dönemde bulunan kadınlarda depresyon-anksiyete düzeylerini ve yetiyitimini karşılaştırmaktır.

Yöntem: Çalışma, Ana Çocuk Sağlığı ve Aile Planlaması (AÇSAP) bölgesindeki 45-55 yaş grubu kadınlarla yürütüldü. Son adet kanamasının üzerinden bir yıl geçmiş olanlar menopoz sonrası dönemde kabul edildi. Menopoz öncesi grup henüz adet kanamaları devam eden kadınlardan oluştu. Çalışmaya alınan kadınlara Hastane Anksiyete-Depresyon Ölçeği (HAD) ve Kısa Yetiyitimi Anketi (KYA) uygulandı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 494 kadın alındı. Menopoz öncesi dönemde 214, menopoz sonrası dönemde 280 kadın vardı. Menopoz öncesi dönemde olan kadınlarda eğitim durumu daha iyi, sigara kullanımı daha fazla; menopoz sonrası dönemde olanlarda ev kadını olanların ve kronik bedensel hastalık nedeniyle sürekli ilaç kullananların sayısı daha fazla idi. Menopoz sonrası dönemde bulunanlarda depresif belirti düzeyleri ve yetiyitimi anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu. Bu grupta, yetiyitimi, ruhsal hastalık öyküsü, kronik bedensel hastalık nedeniyle ilaç kullanımı, diabetes mellitus, düşük eğitim düzeyi, 40 yaşından önce menopoza girme, menopozla ilgili danışmanlık almama ve tetkik yaptırmama ruhsal belirtiler için öngörücü etmenler idi. Ruhsal hastalık öyküsü ve danışmanlık almama, yetiyitimini de öngörüyordu. Menopoz öncesi dönemde ise ruhsal belirtileri ve yetiyitimini öngören değişken yoktu.

Sonuç: Menopoz sonrası dönem, menopoz öncesine göre depresif belirtilerin ortaya çıkmasına ve yetiyitimine daha fazla yatkınlık yaratmaktadır.


Depression-Anxiety and Disability in the Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Period
Objective: The aim of the study is to compare levels of depression-anxiety and disability in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Method: The study was carried out with women between 45-55 [year]s of age, living in the service area of a Mother-Child Health and Family Planning Center. Women who did not have a menstruation at least for one [year] were accepted as postmenopausal. The premenopausal group was consisted of women having menstruation. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and Brief Disability Questionnaire (BDQ) were applied to the women.

Results: Fourhundred and ninetyfour women were recruited to the study. There were 214 women in the premenopausal period and 280 women in the postmenopausal period. In premenopausal women the level of education was higher and smoking was more prevalent; whereas in postmenopausal women the prevalence rates of being housewife and having continuous drug therapy due to chronic physical diseases were higher. In postmenopausal women, levels of depression and disability were significantly higher. In this group, the predictive factors for having a high HAD score were disability, education having a previous psychiatric disorder having drug therapy due to chronic physical diseases, diabetes mellitus, low level, menopause before the age of 40, not having any counselling for menopause, and not having routine laboratory tests. Having a previous psychiatric disorder and not having any counselling were also predicting disability. None of the variables predicted a high HAD score psychiatric disorder and not having any counselling were also predicting disability and disability in the premenopausal women.

Conclusion: The postmenopausal period seems to predispose women to depressive symptoms and disability compared to the premenopausal period.

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