Analitik psikoterapiler klasik psikanalizden günümüze kadar geçirdiği ve geçirmekte olduğu evrimsel süreç içinde insanı anlamaya ve eşduyuma artan bir önem vermektedir. Özellikle Melanie Klein'la başlayan "Ingiliz Okulu " nun nesne ilişkilerine verdiği önem ve terapilerde, terapist ve hasta ilişkisini bu açıdan değerlendirmesi, analitik süreci "yorum" katılığından kurtararak, canlı ve yaşanan bir alan durumuna dönüşmesinde çok önemli katkılar sağlamıştır. Bu akımın önde gelen isimlerinden Winnicott'un çocuklarda anne-çocuk ilişkilerinin gözlemlerinden çıkardığı sonuçları terapi sürecinde de değerlendirmesi iyileşme olgusuna önemli kazançlar getirmiştir. Hastanın "iyi bir anne" ye olan ihtiyacı, genelde sanıldığı gibi sadece narsisistik ya da borderline gibi preödipal kişilik örgütlenmelerinde söz konusu değildir. Nevroz gibi daha yapısal bir örgütlenme içinde olduğu varsayılan bir hastanın da terapi süreci içinde zaman zaman gerileyerek "iyi bir anne”ye ihtiyaç duyması olasıdır. Terapistin bu ihtiyacı görememesi ve dolayısıyla yanıt verememesi ciddi kilitlenme durumlarına yol açabilecektir. Bu yazı analitik terapi süreci içinde hastanın anneye olan ihtiyacını vurgulamak ve bu durumlarda yaşanabilecek sorun ve durumları irdelemek amacıyla kaleme alınmıştır.

During their evolution from classical psychoanalysis, analytic psychotherapies have gradually and increasingly centered on the necessity of understanding and empathising with the individual. Especially the "British school" starting with Melanie Klein made important contributions by viewing the therapist-patient relationship from this perspective and thus freeing the analytic process from its stiff interpretative style and transforming it into a living and lively field. Winnicott, who appears as one of the leading figures of this school has also contributed much to the concept of healing by way of applying his observations of mother child relationships in children, to the therapeutic process During long term analytically oriented psychotherapies, the therapist can often feel that he is unable to respond to the patient's needs or that he fails to understand those needs. This situation may be indicating that countertransferential defences are blocking the empathie process. This difficulty can be resolved through the use of the "good mothering" concept. Contrary to thé generally held view, the patient's need for a "good mother" is not restricted strictly to preoedipal personality organisations of the narcissistic or borderline type. It is highly likely even for a neurotic patient exhibiting a more mature structural organisation to regress from time to time during the therapeutic process and thus be in need of a "good mother". If the therapist fails to relate to this need and consequently is unable to answer it, this may lead to serious inhibition. The aim of this review is to point to the patient's need for the mother figure during the analytic therapeutic process and to evaluate the difficulties that may arise" in this situation. Winnicott's work on the characteristics of the mother child bonding during the first year of life is reviewed and the concept of "transitional objects", "transitional phenomena" and "good enough mothering" are discussed. Several case examples are given to illustrate how' the concept of the "holding environment" comes in to life during the therapeutic process. It is stressed that the therapist must patiently support the patient like a "good enough mother" for the patient to be able to feel curiosity and start to try to understand himself. Welch's "good enough therapist" concept and Winnicott's "good enough mother" concept are compared. This review wills to communicate the role of the therapist in providing the patient with an ability for symbolisation from the most primitive to the mature and achieving this purpose by becoming aware of the patient's needs, by functioning as a "good" transitional object and by giving the patient room for play, that is enabling him to develop fantasies and creativity. For a successful finale to the therapeutic process a feeling of curiosity should be kindled in the patient and a milieu fitting. Winnicott's "potential environment" concept should be established. In this milieu, the patient and the therapist should" playfully" explore and discover the patient's characteristics and behavioral patterns. In the light of the above mentioned concepts, this review thus covers the interrelational difficulties that may be encountered during analytic psychotherapies.