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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 53; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2015;53(4):27-32
Otizm Spektrum Bozuklukları: Erişkinlikte Değişim ve Psikiyatrik Eştanılar
A Görmez, İ Kırpınar
Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB), sosyal iletişim ve etkileşimde süreğen eksilikler ve kısıtlı, tekrarlayıcı ilgi alanları ya da davranışlarla karakterize yaşam boyu devam eden bir durumdur. Çocukluk dönemi ile ilgili çok sayıda araştırma olmasına karşılık, OSB’nin erişkinlik döneminin klinik özellikleri ve bu dönemde görülen psikiyatrik eştanılar yeterince incelenmemiştir. Son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar OSB belirtilerinin sayısında ve ağırlığında, özellikle mental retardasyonu olmayan grupta, yaşın ilerlemesiyle bir azalma beklenebileceğini desteklemektedir. Ancak çalışmalar aynı zamanda, OSB’li olmayan bireylere göre yüksek oranda psikiyatrik eştanı ve işlevsellik sorunu bildirmektedir. Psikiyatrik belirtilerin otizmin çekirdek belirtileri tarafından maskelenebildiği ya da otistik belirtilerin başka bir psikiyatrik bozukluk gibi değerlendirilebildiği de vurgulanmaktadır. Bu da erişkin bireylerde otizm tanısının gözden kaçmasına ya da otistik bireylerde psikiyatrik bozuklukların yeterince tanınıp tedavi edilememesine yol açabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla otizm belirti ve bulgularındaki gelişimsel değişiklikleri ve bunların eşlik eden psikopatoloji ile ilişkisini daha iyi anlamak önemli olacaktır.
Autism Spectrum Disorders: Changes and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Adulthood
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong condition characterised by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, and restrictive repetitive pattern of interests or behaviours. There is abundance of research investigating ASD in children but there is little emphasis placed on its evolution in adult life in terms of clinical features and co-morbidity. Recent studies done on adults suggest that some reduction in number and severity of ASD symptoms during adulthood can be expected particularly in those without mental retardation. However studies also report high levels of psychiatric comorbidity and dysfunction comparable to adults without ASD. It has been highlighted that psychiatric symptoms might be masked by autistic features or autistic features can be mislabelled as a separate psychiatric illness. This might lead to inadequate identification and assessment of adults with autism as well as inadequate recognition and treatment of coexisting mental health problems. A better understanding of developmental changes in autistic symptomatology and their relation to comorbid psychopathology would have important implications.

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