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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2016;9(1):25-31
Alkol Bağımlılığının Genetiği
E Hancı, C Şengül
Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Denizli
Alkol bağımlılığı genetiği son yıllarda gitgide önem kazanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar ikiz ve evlat edinme çalışmalarından, genotipleme teknolojisi geliştikçe tüm genomu inceleyen ilişkilendirme çalışmalarına dek uzanmaktadır. Çalışmalarda en sık bağımlılık gelişmesinde farklı genetik varyantların ne kadar etkili olduğu konusunun üzerinde durulmaktadır. Alkolü metabolize eden enzimler ve bağımlılık yolağındaki çeşitli nörotransmitterler ve reseptörlerde saptanan genetik farklılıklar araştırılmış, hedef genlerdeki polimorfizmler farklı ırklarda farklı sayıda hasta ve kontrol üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Bulunan sonuçlar farklılıklar da barındırsa, alkol bağımlılığının genetiğinin anlaşılması açısından umut vaat etmektedir. Bu derleme günümüze kadar alkol bağımlılığı ve genetik üzerine yapılmış çalışmaların bazılarından oluşmaktadır.
Genetics of Alcohol Dependence
Genetics of Alcohol Dependence has attracted attention in the last decads. The studies has started from twin and adoption studies to the genomwide association studies with respect to the developments in the technology of genotyping. The most studied areas are those in which the effect of the genetically different variants is being researched. These differences have been investigated in studies about both neurotransmitters and receptors that play role in the pathway of addiction and the enzyms that take part in the metabolism of alcohol. The polymorphisms in the candidate genes has been studied in other countries, races and other samples consisting of variable number of patients and controls. Despite the fact that the results have reached variable conclusions, they give hope to understand the genetics of Alcohol Dependence. This review includes some of the studies about genetics of alcoholism from past to the recent years.

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