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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 18; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2015;18(2):59-70
Yetişkin Şehit Çocuklarında Bağlanma Biçimi ve Psikiyatrik Belirtiler
Ö Karaırmak, B Güloğlu
Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Amaç:Erken çocuklukta ebeveyn kaybı gibi travmatik yaşantıların psikolojik sağlığını olumsuz etkilediğinden çeşitli psikiyatrik belirtilerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı iki aşamadan oluşmktadır. İlk aşamada, erken yaşta baba kaypı yaşayan yetişkin bireylerin gösterdiği psikiyatrik belirtilerin cinsiyet ve bağlanma biçimlerine göre incelenmesidir. İkinci aşamadaysa, bağlanma biçimlerinin psikiyatrik belirtileri ne kadar güçlü yordadığının incelenmesi ise araştırmanın ikinci adımını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubunu zorunlu askerlik hizmeti sırasında girdiği silahlı çatışma sonucunda yaşamını yitiren bireylerin yetişkin çocukları oluşturmaktadır. Yöntem:Araştırmaya 18-30 yaş aralığında 105 (50 Kadın, 55 Erkek) şehit çocuğu katılmıştır. Demografik Bilgi Formu (DBF), Kısa Semptom Envanteri (KSE) ve İlişki Ölçekleri Anketi (İÖA) posta yoluyla katılımcılara ulaştırılmış ve veriler toplanmıştır.Katılımcıların %40.6’sı babasını 0-1 yaş aralığında, %42.6’sı ise 1-3 yaş aralığında kaybetmiştir. Çalışmanın analizleri, t-test ve çoklu standart regresyon istatistik yöntemleriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular:Kadınların ve sağlıksız olarak nitelendirilen korkulu, kayıtsız ve saplantılı bağlanma biçimine sahip olanların depresyon ve olumsuz benlik düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Ölçeğin, kaygı, hostilite ve somatizasyonda ise cinsiyet ve bağlanma biçimine göre fark tespit edilmemiştir. Ayrıca, sağlıksız olarak tanımlanan bağlanma biçimlerinin psikiyatrik belirtileri yordamada önemli bir role sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç:Erken yaşta baba kaybı bireylerin psikolojik sağlıkları ve bağlanma biçimleri üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahiptir.
Attachment Styles and Psychiatric Symptoms Among Adult Children of Martrys
Objectives: As a traumatic experience, early childhood parental loss have a negative impact on psyhological health of individuals and parental loss may cause the development of various psychiatric symptoms. The present study has two phases. In the first phase, the investigation of psychiatric symptoms among adult children who lost their fathers in the early childhood is aimed. In the second phase, the predictor roles of attachment styles on the psychiatric symptoms are examined. The study group was composed of the adult children of the soldiers who died in a combat while serving in the obligatory military service. Method: 105 (50 females, 55 males) adult children of martry whose age range is between 18 and 30 participated in this study. 40.6% of participants lost their fathers at the age from 0 to 1, and 42.6% lost him at the age between 1 and 3. Participants were assessed using Demographic Information Form, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ). Regarding psychiatric symptoms gender difference and group differences based on attachment styles (healty vs. unhealty) was tested. Multiple regression (Stepwise Model) was used to explore the predictor role of attachment styles on psychiatric symptoms. Results: Females and individuals who have unhealthy attachment style, which was characterized by dismissing/avoidant, fearful, and preoccupied,have higher levels of depression and anxiety. No significant difference was found in psychiatric symptoms related to anxiety, hositility, and somatization considering gender and attachment styles. There was a very strong relationship between psychiatric symptomps related to negative identity and fearful attachment style. Furthermore, unhealthy attachment styles were important predictors of psychiatric symptoms of individuals who lost their father during early childhood. Conclusion: Early parental loss and attachment style has an important effect on the psyhological well-being of individuals. Keywords:

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