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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 27; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2016;27(1):8-14
Şizofreni ve Psikotik Özellikli Bipolar Bozukluk Hastalarının Birinci Derece Akrabalarında Zihin Kuramı ve Sözel Çalışma Belleğinin İlişkisi
MO Yücel, HD Özgüven, A Sakarya, B Baskak, ETÖ Kızıl, D Sakarya, S Haran
Antakya Devlet Hastanesi, Hatay
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı şizofreni ve bipolar bozukluk hastalarının birinci derece akrabalarında zihin kuramı (ZK) işlevlerinin karşılaştırılması ve bu gruplarda ZK işlevinin sözel çalışma belleği (SÇB) ile ilişkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Bipolar bozukluk (n=22) ve şizofreni (n=28) hastalarının birinci derece akrabaları ve yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim, IQ yönünden benzeştirilmiş, ailesinde şizofreni ve/veya bipolar bozukluk olmayan 27 sağlıklı gönüllü çalışmaya alınmıştır. Deneklerde İşitsel Üçlü Sessiz Harf Sıralaması Testi (İÜSHST) ile SÇB, birinci ve ikinci derece ZK testleri, Pot Kırmayı Fark Etme (PKF), İmayı Anlama (İA) testleriyle ZK işlevleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: ZK’nın tüm bileşenleri ve SÇB performansları bakımından her iki akraba grubu kontrol grubuna göre düşük ve birbirine benzer performans sergiledi. Gruplar ZK performansı bakımından karşılaştırılırken SÇB performansları ara değişken olarak analize katıldığında PKF testinde gruplar arası farkın devam ettiği, İA testinde gruplar arasındaki farkın sınırda bir değere gerilediği, diğer ZK testlerindeki farkın ortadan kalktığı gözlendi. Sonuç: Çalışmamız bipolar bozukluk hastalarının akrabalarında hastalarının akrabalarıyla karşılaştırılabilir derecede ZK bozukluğu olduğuna işaret eden ilk çalışmadır. Öte yandan, her iki akraba grubunda yanlış inancı anlama işlevleri SÇB bozukluğuyla ilgili, PKF ve İA işlevleriyse bundan bağımsız biçimde bozuluyor olabilir. O halde her iki hastalık için de PKF ve İA bozukluğu nörobilişsel bozulmadan bağımsız ailesel yatkınlık belirteçleri olabilir
The Relationship of Verbal Working Memory and Theory of Mind in First Degree Relatives of Patients With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
Objective: We aimed to compare Theory of Mind (ToM) functions and investigate the relationship between ToM functions and verbal working memory (VWM) in first degree relatives of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients. Method: The sample consisted of first degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder (n=22), schizophrenia (n=28), and age, gender, education and total IQ matched healthy volunteers (n=27) without a family history of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We administered Auditory Consonants Test (ACT) to evaluate VWM, first and second order false belief tests (ToM-1, ToM-2), Faux Pas Test (FPT), Hinting Test (HT) to evaluate different domains of ToM functions. Results: Both relative groups performed significantly lower in all components of ToM and VWM tests compared to the control group. When VWM scores were employed as covariate in the analyses, the FPT difference between the groups remained significant, HT difference regressed to a marginal level, and the difference between ToM-1 and ToM-2 disappeared. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the presence of ToM impairment among first degree relatives of bipolar disorder patients similar to relatives of schizophrenia patients. VWM performance seems to affect first and second order ToM functions in relatives of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. On the other hand, FPT and HT domains seem to be independent of VWM performances in these groups. FPT and HT impairments may be familial vulnerability markers that are independent from neurocognitive impairment.

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