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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 27; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2016;27(1):1-7
Yaşlılık Çağı Depresyonu ve Hafif Bilişsel Bozukluğu Olan Hastalarda Öznel Bellek Yakınmaları ile Nesnel Bellek Bozukluklarının Karşılaştırılması
B Duman, ETÖ Kızıl, Z Baran, S Kırıcı, E Turan
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
Giriş: Yaşlılarda depresyon sıklıkla unutkanlıkla seyretmekte, bellek bozukluklarına yol açabilmekte ve bilişsel bozukluklardan ayırt edilmesi zor olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, hafif bilişsel bozukluk (HBB) ve majör depresif bozukluk (MDB) tanılı yaşlı hastaları öznel bellek yakınmaları ve nesnel bellek bozukluğu açısından karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya Geriatrik Psikiyatri polikliniğine ayaktan başvuran 60 yaş ve üzerindeki DSM-IV-TR tanı ölçütlerine göre MDB tanısı almış 29 hasta, Petersen-Mayo tanı ölçütlerine göre HBB tanısı alan 30 hasta ve kontrol grubu için gönüllü 30 sağlıklı yaşlı (SY) alınmıştır. Tüm katılımcılara Standardize Mini Mental Test (SMMT), Saat Çizme Testi (SÇT), ADAS-Cog, Öznel Bellek Yakınmaları Anketi (ÖBYA) ve Yaşlılar için Depresyon Ölçeği (YDÖ) uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Majör depresif bozukluk ve HBB hastalarının ÖBYA puanları SY’ye göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ancak SY ile MDB grupları arasında SMMT, SÇT ve ADAS-Cog puanları açısından fark saptanmamıştır. Hafif bilişsel bozukluk grubunda MDB ve SY gruplarına kıyasla SMMT ve SÇT puanları daha düşük, ADAS-Cog toplam puanları yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Yaşlı hastalarda öznel bellek yakınmaları depresyon ve bilişsel bozukluklar açısından ayırt edici görünmemektedir. Ancak, öznel bellek yakınmalarının bellek performansı ile örtüşmemesi bilişsel bir bozukluktan çok depresyona işaret etmektedir. İleride yapılacak uzunlamasına çalışmalarda öznel bellek yakınmaları olan yaşlı depresif hastalarda bilişsel işlevlerde zaman içinde ortaya çıkabilecek bozulmanın değerlendirilmesi gereklidir.
Discrepancy Between Subjective Memory Complaints and Objective Memory Deficits in Elderly Patients with Depression Compared to Mild Cognitive Impairment
Objective: Since depression in the elderly usually presents with memory complaints and may impair memory functions, differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment is quite difficult. This study aimed to investigate the discrepancy between subjective memory complaints (SMC) and objective memory deficits in elderly patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Method: The study sample consisted of 30 elderly patients with a diagnosis of MCI (according to Petersen- Mayo criteria) and 29 with a diagnosis of DSM-IV-TR MDD who were admitted to the outpatient geriatric psychiatry clinic. The control group (HC) consisted of 30 healthy elderly volunteers. Turkish versions of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), ADAS-Cog, Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (SMCQ) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were administered to all participants. Results: The SMCQ scores of both MDD and MCI patients were higher than HC. However, there was no difference between HC and MDD groups in terms of the MMSE, the CDT and the ADAS-Cog scores. Conclusion: In elderly patients, subjective memory complaints do not seem to differentiate between depression and cognitive impairment. However, the discrepancy between SMC and cognitive performances suggest depression rather than a cognitive impairment. Further longitudinal studies should investigate the role of SMC in future cognitive impairment for elderly patients with depression.

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