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Yıl:2007; Cilt: 22; Sayı: 59>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 2007;22(59):43-67
Anlaşmazlıklarımızı Çözebiliriz: İlköğretim Öğrencilerine Yönelik Bir Çatışma Çözümü Eğitimi ve Psiko-Sosyal Etkileri
S Akgün, A Araz, S Karadağ
Mersin Üniversitesi, Mersin
Kişiler arası çatışma ile nasıl baş edeceklerini bilmedikleri ve onlara doğru çatışma çözümü yolları öğretilmediği için çocuklar, yaşadıkları çatışmaları ya şiddet kullanarak ya da boyun eğerek çözmeye çalışmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Anlaşmazlıklarımızı Çözebiliriz Eğitim Programı”nı kullanarak ilköğretim öğrencilerine çatışmalarını yapıcı yollarla çözmeyi öğretmek ve bu eğitimin öğrencilerin çatışma çözme becerileri, saldırganlık eğilimleri, davranım sorunları ve akran istismarı üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Araştırma, 166 ilköğretim öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada ön-test son-test kontrol gruplu araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Uygulama grubundaki öğrencilere öfke kontrolü, empati ve yapıcı çatışma çözümü eğitimi verilmiştir. Bu eğitim kapsamında öyküler, fotoğraflar, karikatürler, posterler, çizgi filmler kullanılmış ayrıca, kalem kağıt aktiviteleri, sınıf tartışmaları, oyun, rol oynama, drama gibi farklı tekniklerden de yararlanılmıştır. Kontrol grubuna ise böyle bir eğitim verilmemiştir. Eğitimin öncesinde ve sonrasında hem uygulama hem de kontrol grubundaki öğrencilerin çatışma çözme becerileri, saldırganlık eğilimleri, davranım sorunları ve akran istismarına maruz kalma düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Bulgular, çatışma çözümü eğitiminin öğrencilerin yapıcı çatışma çözme becerilerini artırdığını göstermiştir. Ancak bazı sınıflardaki öğrencilerin saldırganlık eğilimleri ve davranım sorunları eğitim sonrasında azalırken, bazı sınıflarda değişim gözlenmemiştir.
"We Can Resolve Our Conflicts": A Conflict Resolution Education Program and Its Psycho-Social Effects
Children have a tendency to resolve their conflicts by aggressive or submissive behaviors because they are not taught how to manage their conflicts constructively. The purpose of the study was to implement “We Can Resolve Our Conflicts” education program to elementary school students and to examine the effects of this program on students' conflict resolution skills, aggression levels, conduct problems, and peer victimizations. A hundred and sixty-six elementary school students participated in the study. A pretest-posttest control group design was used. The training classrooms received the training 2 times a week in 40 minute sessions over a 10 week-period. The conflict resolution training program included cooperation, empathy, anger management, and conflict resolution skills. To teach these skills, different activities, such as games, films, stories, photos, cartoons, role-play and class discussions were utilized. Before and after the training both training and control groups were assessed in terms of their conflict resolution skills, aggression levels, conduct problems and peer victimization. Results indicated that the conflict resolution education increased students' constructive conflict resolution skills. However, trained students' aggression levels and conduct problems decreased in some grades.

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