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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 25; Sayı: 66>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 2010;25(66):42-56
Sudoku Bulmacasında Zihinsel Adımlar: Hariç Tutma ve Dahil Tutma Taktikleri
S Cinan
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Bu makalede yer alan araştırma Lee ve arkadaşlarının (2008) araştırma bulguları üzerine tasarımlanmış ve sudoku bulmacalarında akıl yürütürken izlenen zihinsel adımlardaki farklılıkları inceleyen az sayıdaki çalışmadan biridir. Deney 1’de hiç sudoku çözmemiş katılımcıların ve deneyimli katılımcıların her bir bulmacada bir hedef hücreye gelmesi gereken rakamı çıkarsamaları istenmiştir. Hariç tutma, dahil tutma ve ileri düzey olmak üzere üç farklı türde taktiğin kullanımını gerektiren hedef hücreler iki farklı koşul altında katılımcılara sunulmuştur: (1) bulmacada sadece taktiğin kullanılabilmesi için gerekli olan rakamların yer aldığı çeldiricisiz koşul ve (2) taktiğin kullanılması için gerekli olmayan rakamların da olduğu çeldiricili koşul. Ayrıca, Deney 2’de yönergede verilen bilgilerin belirli bir taktiğin kullanılmasını kolaylaştırma ihtimali araştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar dahil tutma taktiğinde deneyimli katılımcıların deneyimsiz katılımcılara kıyasla daha başarılı olduklarını göstermiştir. Ancak deneyimsiz katılımcılar hariç tutma taktiğini deneyimli katılımcılar kadar iyi kullanabilmişlerdir. Dahası, yönergede verilen bilgilerin belirli bir taktik yanlılığına sebep olmadığı da görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak Lee ve arkadaşlarının hariç tutma taktiği yürü- tülürken izlenen zihinsel adımların dahil tutma taktiğinden daha kolay olduğu yönündeki görüşleri desteklenmiştir.
Mental Steps in Sudoku: Exclusion and Inclusion Tactics
The present study aimed to replicate and extend the unexpected ? nding of the Lee et al. study (2008) that inexperienced individuals employ exclusion tactics more than inclusion tactics in solving Sudoku puzzles. In Experiment 1, inexperienced and experienced participants were asked to infer the value of a target cell in each of different puzzles. The target cells required use of one of three tactics: exclusion, inclusion and advanced tactics. In addition, the target cells were presented (1) in the puzzles containing only the digits that have to be used in a tactic (non-distracter condition) and (2) in the puzzles with distracter digits. Experiment 2 examined whether or not the instructions given to participants in Sudoku puzzles create a bias towards to superior use of exclusion tactics. The results showed that the experienced participants were better at using inclusion tactics than the naïve participants but both the experienced and the inexperienced participants employed exclusion tactics equally well. It was also found that the superior use of exclusion tactics was not due to a biasing affect of the information given in the instructions, supporting Lee et al.’s view that mental steps followed in performing an exclusion tactic are easier than those required by an inclusion tactic.

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