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Yıl:2012; Cilt: 27; Sayı: 69>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 2012;27(69):65-80
Okuma Güçlüğü Yaşayan Çocuklarda Çalışma Belleğinin Fonolojik Depo Açısından İncelenmesi
EA Tercan, HK Ergin, S Amado
Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir
Bu çalışmanın amacı, okuma güçlüğü olan çocukların fonolojik bellek süreçlerindeki farklılıkları ve fonolojik depo kapasitesinin sınırlılıkları ile bunun okuma performansına etkilerini ayrıntılı bir şekilde değerlendirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yaşları 6-14 arasında değişen 4 kız ve 15 erkek olmak üzere toplam 19 okuma güçlüğü tanısı almış çocuk deney grubu olarak; yaş, cinsiyet, dakikada okunan sözcük sayısı ve WISC-R alt testlerine göre eşleştirilmiş sözel (n = 19) ve performans kontrol (n = 19) grupları olarak çalışmaya alınmıştır. Yapılan analizlerde, okuma güçlüğü olan çocukların her iki kontrol grubuna göre tekrarlama performanslarının düşük olduğu ve hem anlamsız sözcük tekrarında hem de cümle tekrarlamada belirli hataları daha fazla yaptıkları bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak okuma güçlüğü olan çocukların fonolojik bellek süreçlerinde problem yaşadıkları ve fonolojik depo kapasitelerinin sınırlı olduğu bunun da performansı büyük ölçüde etkilediği görülmüştür. Buna göre fonolojik depo kapasitesi ölçümleri, okul öncesinde risk gruplarını, okul döneminde de okuma güçlüğünü belirlemek amacıyla kullanılabilecek araçlara ek bir yöntem olarak önerilmektedir.
The Evaluation of Working Memory With Regard To Phonological Storage in Children with Reading Disabilities
The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in phonological storage processes in children with reading disabilities and the limits of the phonological storage capacity in association with its effects on reading performance. The experimental group consisted of 4 girls and 15 boys aged 6 to 14 (n = 19) who were diagnosed with reading disabilities. The verbal (n = 19) and performance (n = 19) control groups were matched for age, gender, number of words read per minute, and WISC-R subtests. It was found that children with reading disabilities had poorer repetition performance compared to both control groups, and made specifi c errors in both word and sentence repetition. Results showed that children with reading disabilities experience problems with the phonological memory process and has a limited phonological storage capacity, which affect their performance. We suggest that measuring the capacity of the phonological storage can be an additional method for determining pre-school risk groups for reading disabilities in school age children.

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